Patients should begin preventive strategies in their early thirties to reduce skin aging risks. It is important to detect patients at risk of skin aging in advance and apply effective countermeasures at an early stage. Functional foods and «nutraceuticals», which are ingredients of all foods, have medical effects on health. According to international analyses, approximately 70% of adults around the world use vitamins, minerals or food supplements. Interest is focused on anti-aging food supplements, with anti-oxidant oral supplements being the most popular group. These are;
1. Botanical carotenoids or polyphenols
2. Isoflavones
3. Vitamins
4. Co-enzyme Q10
5. Phytoestrogens
6. Probiotics
7. Omega-3 fatty acids
8. Collagen peptides and hyaluronic acid
β-carotene: Vegetal carotenoids are used in sunburn reduction treatment with their provitamin A (retinol) activity. While the FDA recommends a maximum dose of 300 mg/day, this supplement corrects facial wrinkles and skin elasticity and has an anti-photoaging effect.
Astaxanthin is a xanthophyll carotenoid found in marine creatures and is responsible for the red color of shrimp and lobster. It has a strong anti-inflammatory effect and can improve facial elasticity and skin barrier integrity.
Natural polyphenols or flavonoids are not only herbal pigments, but also powerful anti-oxidants.
Resveratrol: As a minor polyphenol compound, it is found in grape skins, nuts, berries and red wine. It has anti-cancer properties with anti-inflammatory effects. It has poor absorption and is safe to use up to 5 grams/day. It strengthens the immune response and provides anti-cancer power.
Tea Polyphenols: Increased skin barrier function has been shown to reduce sun-related skin damage.
Soy isoflavones; As a well-known anti-aging agent, it has a similar effect to estrogen. It shows chemical structure. It causes less wrinkles and increased collagen production against sunlight and prevents collagen breakdown. In humans, 12 weeks of isoflavone aglycone supplementation can reduce fine wrinkles on the face.
Chlorophyll extractsupplementation improves facial wrinkles and elasticity. It prevents wrinkles and DNA damage with its antioxidant properties.
Aloe vera:The pulp of this tropical cactus belonging to the lily family has anti-inflammatory, wound healing, moisturizing, anti-bacterial, anti-fungal and antiviral properties. has. Dietary aloe vera gel supplementation (low dose, 1,200 mg/g; high dose, 3,600 mg/g) may provide improvement in facial wrinkling and elasticity. The polysaccharides it contains have immune-stimulating properties. It contains acetylated glucomannan, acemannan, as a biologically active, dominant polysaccharide, which increases collagen biosynthesis.
Vitamin C (ascorbic acid) is a major water-soluble endogenous antioxidant; It regenerates vitamin E in cell membranes and is essential for collagen synthesis. It has blood pressure lowering properties and reduces the infection period in daily doses of 500 mg-6 g.
Vitamin E (α-tocopherol), lipid-soluble antioxidant. -As an oxidant, it is found in cell membranes and circulating lipoproteins. It strengthens immune functions and reduces infection rates in the elderly. For its systemic sun-protective effect, it can be used harmlessly up to 800 mg/day.
Panax ginsengroots have been used as a general tonic in Far Eastern medicine for thousands of years. Red ginseng is prepared by steaming and air drying and is more bioactive than white ginseng, which is peeled and dried. Red ginseng has anti-oxidant, immune-stimulating and anti-aging activity, and provides an increase in collagen with a decrease in facial wrinkles.
Squalene, a polyunsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbon, is abundant in shark liver oil. 27g/g (high dose) oral squalene t Its supplement can reduce facial wrinkles and sun-related damage.
Honey bee milk's lipid content is mainly medium-chain aliphatic fatty acid and has an increasing effect on collagen production. 10-hydroxy-2-decenoic acid stimulates collagen synthesis, a characteristic ingredient of honeybee milk.
Consumption of 4-10 g/g of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and other omega-3 fatty acids can lead to sun-related skin provides protection against damage.
Oral hydrolyzed collagen peptide supplementation (2.5 g/g and 5.0 g/g for 8 weeks) increases skin elasticity and provides moisturization.
Proteoglycans:As a complex family of macromolecules, they contain core protein and covalently linked glycosaminoglycans. It prevents sun-related skin aging by reducing redness and water loss.
Oral supplements such as carotenoids, polyphenols, chlorophyll, aloe vera, vitamins C and E, red ginseng, squalene, and omega-3 fatty acids are recommended for skin aging. . Collagen peptides and proteoglycans can help build new skin. Doctors also need to educate the patient about skin aging when prescribing dietary supplements along with topical sunscreen and retinoids. Daily sunscreen with SPF 15 and above, topical retinoid at night and oral or local antioxidants are the minimum needs to prevent aging. It is necessary to combine these with cleansing, moisturizing and products such as hydroxy acids, growth factors, heparan sulfate and defensin, depending on the patient's skin type, dryness, inflammation status and melanocyte activity.
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