If eye defects can be caught early, children's education, sports and cultural life can improve much. A child's performance at school, his behavior in the family, his future goals and work are adversely affected. Therefore, it is essential to meticulously perform eye examinations following the birth of children, before infancy, in kindergarten and school years. Children with medical problems (Down syndrome, prematurity, juvenile idiopathic arthritis, neurofibromatosis), children with a family history of lazy eye, strabismus, retinoblastoma, congenital cataract, congenital glaucoma should definitely undergo a detailed eye examination without delay.
Babies should be examined for visible structural abnormalities as soon as they are born, and pathologies such as cataracts that may cause optical media clouding should be excluded with the red reflection test in the first 3-6 weeks. In addition to the red reflection test, the strabismus examination should be repeated during vaccination periods. If both eyes cannot look at the point of view together, if one eye is looking at the desired target and the other is looking in other directions, it means that the person has strabismus. There are different types. In the eye that is not preferred in strabismus that occurs in childhood, laziness develops. Lazy eye is a serious disorder that can only be treated in childhood. Not every strabismus can be advanced in a way that parents or relatives can understand. In fact, some strabismus may not be detected even with a simple examination and further examinations may be required. Sometimes there are situations that mimic strabismus. These are called false strabismus. Pseudo-strabismus may occur in conditions such as abnormality, asymmetry of the eye sockets, eyelid disorders and flattened nasal root. After making the differential diagnosis of these conditions that mimic strabismus, some of them will be treated for the agent, while others will be content with following the child's development. Regardless of the type, every type of slippage is important and a treatment and follow-up plan should be made as soon as possible. Complaints such as burning, stinging, itching, bleeding and burrs in the eyes usually point to the inflammation of the transparent membrane covering the eye surface, which we call conjunctivitis. Inflammations of the conjunctiva are infectious, allergic, immunological, toxic or tra can be vmatic. Infectious ones are due to bacteria, viruses, and parasites. They usually occur when cleaning rules are not followed and the belongings of sick people are shared. In addition, the weakening of the body increases the susceptibility to infections. Conjunctivitis that occurs in infancy can be very severe. Allergic origin conjunctivitis usually occurs in the spring months, but can be seen in all seasons. Itching and watering are in the foreground. Some allergic conditions can be very severe and even impair vision. Although their treatment is difficult, they should not be neglected. Inflammation of the eyelid can also cause complaints such as burning, stinging, bleeding and burring in the eye. The most prominent features are dandruff at the bottom of the eyelashes, shedding of the eyelashes and redness at the edge of the lid. They can also cause secondary problems on the surface of the eyeball.
Congenital IOP is a serious disorder that can lead to permanent blindness if not treated early. In infancy, it causes complaints such as being affected by light, watering in the eyes, squinting and red eyes. The transparent structure in the middle of the eye, which we call the cornea, grows and begins to thicken. When the intraocular pressure increases unilaterally, the growth in the cornea is observed more clearly. If the intraocular pressure continues to be high, cracks occur in the cornea and pitting occurs in the optic nerve. In other words, the nerve cells die and their functions cannot be restored. It is usually a serious condition and the cause must be found and treated. Some disorders that cause head position in children are; Strabismus, Eye muscle paralysis, Disorders of the centers in the brain that control eye movements, Nystagmus (vibration in the eyes), Visual field defects, Visual shift in one eye, Uncorrected refractive errors, Low upper eyelid, Hypersensitivity to light
In children -Left, up-down or rotational vibrations are called nystagmus. The patient cannot control these movements. Although there is a disorder of the centers that control muscle movements, sometimes vision It may indicate cataract, albinism, glaucoma and optic nerve layer disorders. Although surgical intervention is performed in its treatment, since the results are not satisfactory, it is necessary to take precautionary measures especially against the types that develop due to low vision.
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