The group that includes schizophrenia and similar diagnoses is called Psychotic Disorders in the medical field. The main problem in Psychotic Disorders is the distortion of the evaluation of reality. In addition to this deterioration, it is accompanied by delusions and hallucinations. Schizophrenia is a disorder that begins at a young age, where the evaluation of reality is impaired, social withdrawal occurs, and is accompanied by deteriorations in emotions, thoughts and behaviors.
When we look at history, we see that schizophrenic symptoms were mentioned even before the dawn of time. In old historical writings, schizophrenia was defined with the words "the devil got inside". While the definitions of “Early Dementia” were used in the early 1900s, the term Schizophrenia, which means mental split, was coined by Bleuler in 1911.
Schizophrenia can be seen in every society, and its prevalence is in boys and girls. equal psychiatric disorder. According to studies, the prevalence in society is approximately 1%. Since it is difficult to notice the symptoms at an early age due to their faintness, this rate is 0.1% under the age of 15.
When the symptoms appear before the age of 13, it is called Very Early Onset Schizophrenia; when it occurs before the age of 18, it is called Early Onset Schizophrenia. It is called schizophrenia. The familial burden (genetic predisposition) in early-onset Schizophrenia is twice as high as in Schizophrenia that occurs at normal times. Studies have found that Early Onset Schizophrenia is more severe than schizophrenia that begins at a normal time. That's why it is very important to start early diagnosis and treatment before the destruction begins.
Symptoms of Schizophrenia:
- Delusions
- Hallurias (Hallucinations)
- Disorganized Speech
- Disorganized Behavior
- Impairment in Social-Occupational Functioning
DELUSIONS: It can be defined as thoughts that are not true.
- Persecution Delusions (Belief that harm will be done to oneself or one's loved ones: that they are being followed, their phones are tapped. D thinking...)
- Delusions of Reference (Thinking that ordinary events and situations that are not related to them are related to them: thinking that people are talking about themselves...)
- Delusions of Grandeur/Smallness (Attributing unusual positive/negative characteristics to himself: thinking that he is the prime minister, thinking that he can destroy people..)
- Physical Delusions (Physical thinking that he has a disease: thinking that his bones are melting…)
- Delusions of Guilt (Seeming himself at fault for the simplest mistakes…)
- Erotomanic Delusions (Don't think that you are loved or in love with someone...)
- Your thoughts being read by other people
- Others knowing what goes through your mind
- Your thoughts being stolen (Thinking that others' thoughts are taken without permission..)
- Behavior and Thoughts being controlled by others
HALLUCINATIONS: Its name means assuming things that do not exist. It occurs as a result of distortion in perception. They can relate to all our senses. Hearing-related hallucinations occur most frequently. Hallucinations are generally in the form of "voices speaking and commenting on oneself". Sometimes these voices appear as commanding voices, and the person may end up harming himself and others.
DISORGANIZED SPEECH:
- Do not go into unnecessary details
- Speaking quickly and jumping from branch to branch
- Do not make speeches that do not have integrity in the topic
- Do not talk about topics that are unrelated to the topic being talked about
- Talking around the idea you want to express – Not being able to get straight to the topic
- Making speeches with the same thought content over and over again
- Conversations being similar in terms of sound harmony rather than meaning
- Using meaningless words of one's own making
- Repeating other people's speech
DISORGANIZED BEHAVIOR:
- Excessive stillness/Excessive mobility
- Repeating a movement repeatedly or repeating the other person's movement
- Standing without moving for hours/days (without eating, drinking..)
- Standing in a certain body position for hours/days
- Staying in a certain body position like wax when moved in that position
- Aimless movements without thinking about what you are doing
- Staying rigid in a certain body position
Negative symptoms in early-onset schizophrenia:
Social and emotional withdrawal:Boredom of spending time with peers, preferring to stay alone in daily life, for hours They prefer to stay alone in the same environment, do not share emotions with anyone, and are not disturbed by these situations.
Decrease in Self-Care: Not paying attention to their own personal care (Ex: not shaving, not brushing teeth, not wearing make-up, not combing hair..), not paying attention to body hygiene, wearing the same clothes for days, not paying attention to the hygiene and order of the environment they live in…
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