According to some data from the Family Research conducted jointly by TÜBİTAK and the Ministry of Family in 2016:
Spouses had the most problems with home-related responsibilities
Married individuals had problems with their spouses on certain certain issues. When it is examined whether they have problems with; It was observed that the most problematic issue between spouses was home-related responsibilities with 5.9%. The other issues that caused the most problems were not spending time together as a family with 5.4% and smoking habit with 5.3%, respectively. The issues that caused the least problems between spouses were entertainment habits and alcohol habits with 1%, and friends and interviewees with 1.1%, respectively.
The most important reason for divorce was irresponsible and indifferent behavior.
When the reasons for divorce of individuals who have been divorced at least once are examined; The most common reason for divorce in Turkey was irresponsible and indifferent behavior with 50.9%. This was followed by the problem of not being able to provide for the household economically with 30.2% and the problem of spouses acting disrespectfully towards their families with 24.3%.
When the reasons for divorce are examined by gender; The most important reason for divorce was irresponsible and indifferent behavior by both genders. This rate was 61.5% for women and 40.2% for men. For women, after irresponsible and indifferent behavior, the most important reasons for divorce were the inability to provide for the household financially with 42.6% and beating/ill-treatment with 36.4%. For men, after irresponsible and indifferent behavior, the most important reasons for divorce were the spouse's family interfering in domestic relations with 24.5% and the spouses' disrespectful behavior towards their families with 24%.
Marriage is a union of two individuals to share life. It is the most meaningful relationship and a universal event in which individuals bond to each other at a high level. Marriage, which regulates social reproduction including the traditional extended family, is also a union that includes the economic, social, sexual and legal aspects of the relationship between men and women (Demiray, 2006). The phenomenon of marriage as a way of life appears universally in very different cultures. This is due to the fact that marriage has various personal and social functions (Şen, 2009).
According to Tümer (1998), marriage is the marriage between two people of different genders and characters. It is the psychological system they enter into after they decide to unite their lives and live together after a certain age. It is thought that marriage, in addition to its protective effect on mental health, also involves a difficult process (cited in Ovalı, 2010). Therefore, marriage, in addition to being a source of happiness and satisfaction for individuals, can also be a source of problems and conflict.
If problems arise intensively in married life and effective solutions cannot be produced, the relationship deteriorates, satisfaction decreases and divorce may occur (Trust and Sevim, 2007). Increasing divorce rates in recent years increase the need for research on the problems experienced in marital life. It is thought that couples who come to the point of divorce experience conflict on certain issues in a passive or active position.
Weiten (1986) summarized the problems that are frequently encountered in marriage and cause conflict as follows:
1. Unrealistic happiness in marriage expectations,
2. Spouses have different role expectations from each other (about who will cook the meals, who will work outside the home, who will make the decisions, etc.),
3. Economic problems related to marriage (where the available money will be spent, etc.). ),
4. Insufficient communication,
5. Problems related to relatives (especially problems caused by one of the spouses being financially or emotionally dependent on their parents),
6. Sexual problems,
7 Differences of opinion between spouses regarding the upbringing and discipline of children,
8. One of the spouses develops new interests, establishes a new environment or friendships and the other spouse cannot adapt to this, spouses develop themselves in different directions from each other,
9 Other common problems: Jealousy, infidelity, criticism, dominance, falling out of love, self-centeredness, etc. (cited in Canel, 2007, p.33).
RESEARCH ON INTERVENTIONS FOR FAMILIES - FAMILY TREATMENT AND PREVENTION PROGRAMS
FAMILY THERAPY FOR PATIENTS WITH DIAGNOSTIC PSYCHOPATHOLOGIES
It is a program aimed at reducing psychopathology, practical problem solving during rehabilitation, and adverse family interactions that may trigger the reemergence of symptoms.
Given the strong data showing that depression is linked to relationship disturbances, family interventions for depression in adults have focused on marital relationships.
CHILDREN WITH CONDUCT AND CONDUCT DISORDERS
Programs have been developed to help parents learn to show new reactions to such behaviors.
The aim of the programs is to prevent problematic behaviors
FAMILIES IN A STRESSFUL TRANSITION PERIOD
Separation It is a program designed to support families going through transitional periods that include significant ruptures in relationships, such as divorce or divorce.
SCIENTIFIC METHODS TO TEST THE EFFECTS OF FAMILY-FOCUSED INTERVENTIONS
The purpose of the scientific experiment is to or to test whether a condition causes an outcome after exclusion of probability
QUALIFICATION OF INTERVENTIONS
In order to adequately test a particular intervention for families, researchers must ensure that all intervention activities are used for all families.
For example, if some of the families in a study did not actually receive communication training in many of the communication exercises, it would be difficult to tell whether a program that included family communication training resulted in reduced conflict.
< br /> SELECTING THE SAMPLE
In some experimental tests of interventions for families, families are selected based on the presence of a diagnosis in a family member.
In particular, many diagnosable conditions, such as depression, are associated with other disorders. This may be a very restrictive approach because they occur simultaneously.
SELECTING THE COMPARISON CONDITION
Family researchers use comparison groups that did not participate in the program being tested to account for spontaneous solutions.
Sometimes no intervention is given to the comparison group
MEASURING OUTCOMES
The goal of many research interventions is to reach a level that can demonstrate that a treatment is effective and effective.
Efficacy: finding out which treatments work under carefully controlled conditions.
Efficacy: finding out answers to questions about which treatments work in real clinical and community settings.
/> RESEARCH ON THE EFFECT OF FAMILY-FOCUSED INTERVENTIONS
Individual clinical outcomes
Relationships themselves
Adaptation to stressful transition periods
FAMILY-FOCUSED INTERVENTIONS FOR INDIVIDUAL DISORDER
DISORDERS IN CHILDREN AND ADOLESCENCE
Internalizing Disorders
Externalizing Disorders
Externalizing Disorders
Oppositional Defiant Disorder
Aggressive behavior
ADHD
Tendency to crime
Substance use etc.
Internalizing Disorders
Anxiety
Depression
Structural family therapy is effective in externalizing disorders
It has been observed that there is a decrease in behavioral disorders after therapies
CBT is slightly more effective in internalizing disorders.
Disorders in Adulthood
DEPRESSION
Cognitive therapy is as effective as individual therapy in reducing depression symptoms.
Couple therapy is more effective than individual therapy in reducing relationship difficulties in adult depression
SUBSTANCE USE
Marital therapy is more effective than individual therapy in staying away from substances and improving family functioning
Severe Mental Illnesses
When family members of these patients are included in psychoeducation programs, they are provided with access to long-term care and support resources, and family members feel that they receive adequate support
Family Interventions for Relationship Disorders
ATTACHMENT DISORDERS
Insecure Attachment Disorder:
In this program, work is done directly with the parents or primary caregiver.
It aims to prevent this condition
It has been effective in improving both sensitivity in the mother and attachment in the child
It has also been effective in families with more than one problem.
CONCLUSION AND COMMENT
Family Therapies, Individual and Couple Therapies help to cope with all these problems and to save marriages by strengthening couples. It is thought that it will also play an important role in increasing the quality of marital life. If we were to use a metaphor about marriage, we could compare it to a dancing couple. The more harmonious the movements of their steps and bodies are, the more an image that appeals to both the eye and the soul will emerge. Unfortunately, couples generally need help when the problem with their marriage is no longer manageable. However, family is a whole of systems and each individual is a separate system of this whole. As with all systems, they must be compatible for this system to work properly. Whenever there is a disruption in the system, the person who resorts to therapy is the one who notices this disruption and is disturbed.
Each member of the family has innate schemas that are unique to them. Schemas are the set of thoughts, feelings and experiences we have had since the womb. Everyone looks at the same thing but sees different things. This is due to the difference between our schemas.
When we get married and start a family, we include these schemas in our pocket into the system. If there is harmony, there will be no problem, but when incompatibilities begin, the system becomes inoperable and causes problems between couples. One of the functions of family therapy is to regulate the disharmony between these systems and put things back on track.
Family Therapy and Sexual Therapy are therapies that are interconnected, complement and support each other. One of the most common problems in marriages is sexual dissatisfaction between couples, sexual dysfunctions, premature ejaculation, etc., and getting expert help on these issues will be a very important factor in coping with the problems experienced by people together.
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