Allergic rhinitis – Hay Fever. It can be divided into seasonal and year-round allergic rhinitis. Seasonal allergens are pollens, and the season in which pollen increases vary according to geographical features. In general, it starts with grass in the spring, continues with tree pollen, and continues with weeds in the autumn. Not all allergens have the same potential to cause allergic symptoms. Grasses have the strongest allergenic potential. Then they are weeds and trees respectively.
Allergic rhinitis, which lasts throughout the year, is independent of the season, as the name suggests. Allergens in this group are mould, house dust mites and animal debris (dandruff). Allergy due to dust and house dust mites begins in autumn, reaches its peak in winter and decreases in early spring. Reservoir of house dust mites; bedding, mattresses, pillows, carpets, sofa upholstery and stuffed (plush) toys. Mold can originate from indoor or outdoor environments. While outdoor mold levels decrease in freezing weather, indoor mold levels generally remain constant and increase with heat and humidity. The source of mold is ornamental plants and rotten leaves in the house. Direct contact with animals is not required for allergies due to animal-derived feathers, hair and skin rashes. Because these allergenic wastes can be easily carried with clothes. Cockroaches are another often overlooked cause of year-round allergic rhinitis. The severed body parts of these insects are often found in old houses, old schools and other old buildings. Cockroach sensitivity may also cause exacerbation of asthma.
Signs and symptoms of allergic rhinitis;
Itching, sneezing, runny nose. and nasal congestion. A series of allergy tests are performed to diagnose allergic rhinitis. Some medications should not be used before allergy tests (such as antihistamines and tricyclic and depressants); You will be informed about when to stop these before the test by the department that will perform the test.
House dust mites, mold and pets, which cause allergies throughout the year, are the environmental allergens that can be easily taken precautions against. Old furniture, carpets and plush toys that harbor house dust mites should be removed from the environment, and pillows and quilts should be covered with covers. and adjusting the ambient humidity level are environmental measures that can be taken. Drug treatment appropriate to the patient's condition and the severity of the disease should be arranged by your doctor. Antihistamines, decongestants, mast cell stabilizers, corticosteroids, anticholinergics, leukotriene antagonists and immunotherapy are among the treatment options.
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