DIAGNOSIS METHODS IN THYROID DISEASES
1- OBTAINING DETAILED INFORMATION ABOUT THE PATIENT (ANAMNESIS): Thyroid diseases have their own symptoms, as well as other organ diseases and symptoms. There are also symptoms that may be confused with the symptoms of other disorders. In addition, even if hormone measurements in the blood are normal, thyroid diseases may occur. Therefore, complaints and symptoms about the patient should be taken carefully.
2- EXAMINATION: It is very important to evaluate the structure of the organ and its effect on other systems. The entire neck must be examined.
3-BLOOD TESTS: Hormone measurement and complete blood count are essential. In addition, other tests for thyroid diseases may be requested.
4- ULTRASONOGRAPHY: The structure of the gland, whether there is a gland (nodule) in it, and whether there are lymph nodes in the neck are investigated. Although many thyroid diseases are diagnosed, this alone may not be sufficient. It should be evaluated together with other diagnostic methods.
5-SCINTIGRAPHY: Shows the functions of the gland. It can be detected if the thyroid gland is underactive or overactive. It is displayed whether the nodules secrete hormones or not. It is important to investigate the recurrence of the disease after surgery and to determine whether the thyroid gland is in a place other than normal.
6-OTHER IMAGING METHODS: With a lung x-ray, it can be examined whether the thyroid gland is pressing on the trachea. . With a tomography or MRI examination, it can be understood whether the overgrown thyroid glands have entered the rib cage or whether they have adhered to important vessels within the rib cage.
7-BIOPSY (REMOVING PROCESS): Nodules can be benign or malignant (cancer). These cannot be clearly distinguished on ultrasound. When in doubt, a piece of these glands should be taken. In our hospital, we use ultrasound to obtain parts. We anesthetize the skin on the area we have marked and collect cells from the gland using an injector. The samples we take are examined in the pathology laboratory and the results are reported to us.
Thyroid diseases are diagnosed by listening to the patient's information, examination, It is diagnosed by combining n examinations and imaging methods, and if necessary, a piece of the gland is removed. None of these methods alone are sufficient for diagnosis.
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