HPV (Human Papilloma Virus), which can cause cervical cancer in women and penis cancer in men, is detected in 95% of women diagnosed with cervical cancer. Cervical cancer is the second most common cancer among women all over the world, after breast cancer.
WHAT ARE THE RISKS OF CERTIFICATE CANCER?
Cervical cancer is among the risk factors. ; These include having sexual intercourse with more than one person, having sexual intercourse at an early age, having had contagious sexual diseases before, smoking, and most importantly, carrying the HPV virus.
HPV causes infection in the genital area and causes the formation of wart-shaped masses. It is caused by a virus. Not all types of this virus are carcinogenic. Some women can defeat this virus with their own immune systems after it enters their bodies. There are many types of HPV, but only a few types pose a risk of cancer development. Early diagnosis with smear test makes cervical cancer treatment extremely easy.
WHAT IS THE CERVICAL CANCER (HPV) VACCINE? TO WHOM AND HOW IS IT APPLIED?
Vaccine studies against the Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) type started in the 1990s and was put on sale in the USA and our country as of 2007. Different types of vaccines are also under development. The vaccine put on the market is a preventive vaccine. The vaccine, which has been introduced to the market in our country, is planned to be given in 3 doses, especially to girls from the age of 12. In this way, it is expected to provide 90% lifetime protection.
Although the HPV vaccine is effective against a total of 4 types of HPV (type 6, 11, 16, 18), it is especially effective against HPV type 16, which is the cause of 50% of cervical cancer. It will provide significant protection against HPV.
Since the vaccine is for protective purposes, it will not have any effect on the type of HPV found in the body and the clinical changes and risks caused by it. Apart from the HPV type they carry, carriers will only be able to provide protection against other types of HPV that are within the scope of protection to be taken at a later time.
WHAT ARE THE LATEST DEVELOPMENTS RELATED TO VACCINE IN OUR COUNTRY?
The vaccine developed by an American company was approved by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) on June 8, 2006. It was included in the scope of "mandatory vaccination". Since it is not covered by social security at this stage in Turkey, the vaccine is recommended for women in the 9-26 age group, whose cost cannot be covered. As the individual approaches puberty, the vaccine is recommended to be given in 3 doses, one dose at a time, within 1 year, before the individual even starts active sexuality. The vaccine is not currently covered by the social security system. The vaccine provides protection against HPV types 6, 11, 16 and 18, which are transmitted through sexual contact. As a result, the vaccine developed by the US company contains particles similar to HPV types 6, 11, 16 and 18 and is preventive against cervical cancer, precancerous lesions and warts in the external genital area.
OTHER DEVELOPED IS THERE A VACCINE?
In addition to the protective vaccine (types 6,11,16 and 18) developed by the US company, studies on the bivalent (type 16,18) vaccine developed by another company have also been completed. . Common results of the studies on these two vaccines; These vaccines are easily tolerated by people, provide a high rate of immunization, are effective in reducing the clinical disease related to HPV infection, and the duration of immunity generated by the bivalent vaccine is longer.
CURIOSITY ABOUT HPV VACCINE. PROVIDED
• The vaccine will be administered in 3 doses. Although it is not known how much immunity it will provide after 3 doses, it is claimed that it may need to be repeated after 5 years.
• It is reported that minor allergic reactions may develop in sensitive people after vaccination.
• The ideal period of administration is 9-12 days. It is recommended to be done at the age of 26 and at the latest.
• It is initially planned to be done only for girls, but its application to boys is controversial.
• It is controversial to do it during pregnancy and breastfeeding
• First of all, HIV carriers, those receiving immunosuppressive therapy, cortisone therapy, those with diseases that weaken the immune system, and women with multiple partners should be vaccinated.
• The risk of cervical cancer does not end completely after the vaccination doses are completed. . For this reason, screening with smear tests should be continued from time to time.
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