Atopic Dermatitis
It is a disease from the group of allergic diseases.
It is quite common in childhood
Asthma in mother, father or sibling It is more common in children with allergic rhinitis and especially atopic dermatitis, but it is not necessary to have a family history of allergic disease.
It occurs as a result of the interaction of genetic factors and environmental factors.
Food allergies such as milk and eggs are most common.
Over time, 50% of these children may develop asthma and 75% may develop allergic rhinitis.
Symptoms of the Disease
The most important finding is itch. Although it occurs intermittently during the day, it is more frequent at night.
Itching increases with sweating, contact with substances that irritate the skin, or exposure to allergens, and even emotional stresses.
It significantly affects the quality of life for the patient and his family.
Another important finding is eczematous rash with typical age distribution.
In infants, it is most common on the cheeks, arm It is seen on the outer surfaces of the legs and feet.
It is seen on the inner surfaces of the arms and legs in older children and adults.
These rashes are red, lumpy and often watery.
It is not seen in the diaper attachment area and under the armpit.
Dryness of the skin is present in almost every patient. The first goal of treatment is to relieve this dryness of the skin.
Other findings:
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Fissures and crevices behind the ear
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Prominence at the bottom of the hair
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Propensity to skin infections
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Eczema on the nipple
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Folds under the eyes,
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White spots on the face
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Host in the hair
Diagnosis
History and physical examination are sufficient for diagnosis.
There is no specific laboratory test.
The laboratory is used to screen for the presence of an underlying allergy.
Treatments and Precautions
Preventive measures
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If there is a known allergen, it should be avoided.
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Hot Sudden changes in temperature and humidity should be avoided.
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Sweating should be prevented, and in hot weather, one should be in cool environments.
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Wool, furry, plush and nylon clothes, blankets and toys should be avoided, loose-fitting cotton clothes should be preferred.
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Detergents, chemicals, perfumed, colored soaps and shampoos that irritate the skin should not be used.
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The skin should not be exposed to direct sunlight for a long time, especially at noon when the sun is steep.
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Long showers should be avoided their duration should not exceed 5-10 minutes and moisturizers should be applied immediately after the shower before the skin is completely dried and without losing its moisture.
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Very Frequent kissing should be avoided.
Treatment
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Moisturizing the skin is the most important element.
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Moisturizers should be applied 2-4 times a day depending on the need.
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Short-term (5-10 days) steroid creams can be used on the eczema area. . It should be applied only to the eczema area immediately after bathing and before moisturizers.
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Steroid creams should never be used without the advice of your doctor, except for the period recommended by your doctor.
If it cannot be controlled under simple measures or if it is thought to be due to a certain allergen, the Pediatric Allergy department should be followed up.
It should not be forgotten that the disease can go away on its own in time in 40-60% of patients.
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