In daily life, we often have to stand for more than a few minutes while talking to anyone, waiting in line or in our business life. During such natural postures, the body constantly shows postural changes characterized by low amplitude, slow oscillations and whole body movements. Body posture; It is the product of several body segments coming together by flexible joints and controlled by the neuromuscular system. When other definitions related to posture are examined, posture; It refers to the body posture achieved by the stretch reflex and protected against gravity.
What causes disorders in posture?
The most common postural disorders include scoliosis, which is the curvature of the spine to the side, and forward curvature of the spine. Kyphosis can be considered pes planus (sole collapse), which is expressed as a decrease in the long arch of the foot.
What is scoliosis?
Scoliosis is a disorder that causes an abnormal curve in the spine or spine. The spine has normal curves when viewed from the side, but should appear straight when viewed from the front. Kyphosis is a curve in the spine on the side where the spine bends forward. There is a normal kyphosis in the middle spine. Lordosis is a curve seen from the side where the spine bends backwards. There is normal lordosis in the upper (cervical) spine and lower (lumbar) spine. In people with scoliosis, they develop on each other, creating a “C” or an “S” shape in the spine, with curves and spinal flexions on both sides of the body.
What are the symptoms of scoliosis?
The most common form of scoliosis is Its symptom is an abnormal curve of the spine. Often this is a mild change and may first be noticed by a friend or family member or the child doing a routine screening for school or sports. The change in the curve of the spine typically occurs very slowly, so it is easy to overlook until a more severe physical deformity occurs. It may also be found during a routine school screening exam for scoliosis. Those affected may notice that their clothes do not fit as well as they did before, with one pant leg becoming longer than the other. In addition, you may notice that your head is protruding from the midline, leaning to one side, or that one hip or shoulder is higher than the opposite side. It may cause shaking. His back may have a more pronounced curve on one side of his ribcage than the bending of his spine and ribs. If scoliosis is more severe, it can make it more difficult for the heart and lungs to function properly. This can cause shortness of breath and chest pain. In most cases, scoliosis is not painful. However, there are some types of scoliosis that can cause back pain, rib pain, neck pain, muscle spasms, and abdominal pain. Additionally, there are other causes of these nonspecific pains that a doctor will also want to look at to rule out other diseases. There are three basic treatment methods for scoliosis: physical therapy, corset and surgery. Pain usually responds to regular sports and exercise programs, but if there is no response anymore or dissatisfaction with the appearance, life becomes difficult, etc. If there is a condition, then surgery is recommended.
What is Pes Planus?
Pes planus, that is, flat feet, is the condition of the foot. It is a foot deformity characterized by the loss of the inner long arch (medial longitudinal arch), which should normally be there, and the heel slipping outwards. There are three types: flexible, rigid and physiological. In flexible flat feet, when weight is placed on the inner long arch of the foot (medial longitudinal arch), the arch collapses, but when the weight is removed, the arch of the arch reappears. In hard flat feet, the shape of the arch does not change when carrying weight or when the weight is removed, and the height of the arch is below normal. In children, there is a natural flat foot appearance until the age of 5-6 depending on the fatty tissue under the foot. This creates the third type, that is, physiological flat foot in children, and this appearance should disappear by the 7th age. If the inner long arch of the foot does not begin to form at this age, it indicates that there is a tendency for pes planus. According to studies; Pes planus was seen more in boys than in girls. In addition, obese people showed more symptoms of pes planus than normal weight people, and those with a familial history of loose joint ligaments showed more symptoms of pes planus than those without. In addition, in a study conducted on Indian and Congolese children, those who wore shoes in early childhood had lower rates than those who did not wear shoes. The frequency of s planus is higher.
TREATMENT
• The first step in the treatment of flat feet is shoe modification. First of all, orthopedic shoes that support the arches of the foot with wide toes and low heels should be chosen.
• The use of insoles has no effect on correcting the foot or preventing deformity. This has been scientifically proven. However, individuals with pain due to flat feet can be given personalized insoles.
• Stretching the Achilles tendon is an important part of the treatment.
• Exercise and other treatment methods do not increase the arch in flat feet. The purpose of these treatments is to reduce pain, prevent secondary foot problems, and prevent secondary problems in the musculoskeletal and spine.
• Apart from these, there are various treatment modalities used in kinesiology taping, electrotherapy methods and physical therapy.
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