The thyroid is a butterfly-shaped endocrine gland located on the front of the neck, weighing 25 grams.
It secretes the thyroid hormone necessary for life. When thyroid hormone is secreted too little or too much
for various reasons, it causes serious pathologies in the body.
In case of hyperthyroidism, known as toxic goiter, in which the thyroid gland secretes too much hormone, palpitations,
Symptoms such as excessive sweating, tremors in the hands, irritability, weight loss, menstrual irregularity in women, decrease in muscle strength,
fatigue and eyes growing outwards occur.
What causes hyperthyroidism? conditions;
- Basedow-Graves disease
- Toxic adenoma (Single nodule secreting excess hormones)
- Toxic multinodular goiter
- Thyroiditis (Thyroid inflammation)
- It can be summarized as taking too much thyroid hormone as external medication.
Basedow-Graves disease, toxic adenoma and toxic multinodular goiter are serious conditions for surgery.
If there is no obstacle, they are treated surgically. If surgery is not possible, treatment with "Radio-active iodine" can be performed
.
It is necessary to reduce the high thyroid hormone levels before surgical treatment to normal levels with medications
. In addition, medication may be required to normalize the elevated heart rate. Thyroid hormones are checked intermittently and surgery is performed as soon as normal levels are reached. The surgical method recommended in recent years is the removal of the entire thyroid gland
that is, "Total Thyroidectomy" surgery.
In case of thyroiditis, surgical treatment is not recommended except for some special cases. In the presence of thyroiditis, the thyroid gland first secretes excess hormones due to cell damage and hyperthyroidism develops. Antithyroid drugs are used during this period. After a while, thyroid hormones
will drop to normal levels, and in the following period, the thyroid gland will begin to secrete less hormone, so thyroid hormone will need to be taken as medication. If a nodule or nodules are found along with thyroiditis, the decision for surgery will be made according to the risk posed by the nodules.
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