Sensory Integration Disorder is a condition in which the brain has difficulty responding to information coming through the senses. A.Jean Ayres (1972) defined Sensory Integration as a neurological process that organizes the sensory information coming from the person's own body and the environment and makes it possible to use the body in accordance with the environment.
More than 80% of the nervous system consists of sensory information. is about processing or organizing input.
Sensory integration is the process of organizing sensory input; thus, the brain produces a beneficial body response and also produces beneficial perceptions, emotions, and thoughts.
The Sensory Integration theory consists of three parts. The first part deals with development and describes normal sensory integration function. The second part defines Sensory Integration Disorders and the third part guides the treatment/intervention program.
1. Learning depends on the ability to receive and process movement and sensations from the environment (into the Central Nervous System) and to use these senses to plan and organize behavior.
2. Individuals with low/weak sensory processing ability have difficulty producing appropriate/complete actions that affect learning and behavior.
3. Sensory productive interactions/activities that elicit adaptive responses increase sensory processing ability and therefore improve learning and behavior.
Learning and Behavior are visible aspects of Sensory Integration.
Sensory Integration. Some people with Integration Disorder are overly sensitive to things around them. Common sounds may be painful or overwhelming.
Senses
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Touch
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Hearing
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Smell
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Sight
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Taste
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Proprioceptive(Muscle-joint system)
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Vestibular(Balance)
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Interception
Vestibular (Balance) System:
It is the system whose receptors are located in the inner ear and responds to both movement and gravity. .
The Vestibular (Balance) system has three important functions:
Subjective awareness of the feeling of movement and body position in space
Posture posture) tone and balance
Fixation of the eyes during movement in space
Why are Vestibular (Balance) functions important?
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Motor skills
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Visual-spatial, language skills
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Handedness
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Motor planning
Proprioceptive System (Muscle – Joint System)
It is the system that allows us to be unconsciously aware of our body position. It indicates the relationships of our body parts with people and objects. It also relates to our muscles, adapting how much force to apply when performing a skill or activity.
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