OBESITY TREATMENT

Although the factors that cause obesity cannot be fully explained, excessive and wrong nutrition and lack of physical activity are considered the most important causes of obesity. Apart from these factors

• Age

• Gender

• Genetics

• Environmental factors

• Neurological

• Hormonal and metabolic factors

• Biochemical

• Smoking and alcohol use

• Drugs used

• Frequent and low-calorie diet application

• Socio-cultural factors

• Many psychological factors cause obesity

Obesity causes many health problems due to its negative effects on body systems (endocrine system, cardiovascular system, respiratory system, gastrointestinal system, skin, genitourinary system, musculoskeletal system) and psychosocial status.

What causes obesity? Health problems

• Insulin resistance

• Type 2 Diabetes

• Hypertension

• Coronary artery disease

• Hyperlipidemia-Hypertriglyceridemia

• Metabolic syndrome

• Gallbladder diseases

• Some types of cancer

• Osteoarthritis

• Stroke

• Sleep apnea

• Fatty liver

• Asthma

• Breathing difficulty

• Pregnancy complications

• Menstrual irregularities

• Excessive hair growth

• Increased risks of surgery

• Psychological problems

• Social disharmony

 

Preventing obesity before it occurs is the most important step in the treatment. For this reason, proper nutrition should be taken from the first years of life. It is very important to start and continue. It has been determined that children who are breastfed have a lower rate of obesity than children who are not breastfed. Obesity that occurs in childhood and adolescence lays the groundwork for obesity in adulthood.

The target in obesity treatment is Determining an ideal body weight and ensuring its maintenance. The most important goal is to reduce the risks of morbidity and mortality, to provide the individual with adequate and balanced nutrition habits and to increase the quality of life. It requires a multidisciplinary study. Doctors, dietitians, psychologists, etc.

Obesity The methods used to prevent treatment are as follows:

• Medical Nutrition Treatment:Age, height, physical activity, socio-cultural, metabolic and hormonal status, diet history and psychological The situation should be evaluated and a personalized nutrition program should be applied and the person should be trained on proper nutrition. The aim is to bring the BMI value between 19 and 24.9 and to ensure continuity. It is extremely important to receive and follow up nutrition training accompanied by a dietitian. It is extremely important for the person to adopt a healthy diet and accordingly, from food choices to cooking methods. Training on portion control is the most important part of the job.The aim is for the person to gain permanent eating habits.

• Exercise Treatment: It supports medical nutrition treatment and helps reduce fat content. .With the right exercise, muscle tone is increased and the basal metabolic rate is increased. Thus, weight gain is prevented again. Regular exercise regulates the person's blood pressure, d It protects against depression, reduces blood sugar levels, protects the person against osteoporosis and provides weight loss. It is recommended that adults do 30-45 minutes of moderate intensity exercise (brisk walking, swimming, etc.) every day or every other day. It is important for the person to choose the exercise that he enjoys and enjoys. .

• Behavior Change: During the weight loss and maintenance period, the most important issue is generally to break away from permanent, faulty eating habits. Detecting the emotional state that causes the person to constantly eat, and detecting if there is an eating behavior disorder. It is a form of treatment that aims to turn negative behaviors into positive ones through physical activity. Steps: Self-monitoring, stimulus control, developing alternative behavior, reinforcement and reward, cognitive restructuring, social support

• Pharmacological Treatment: It is a method used in obesity treatment in patients who are deemed suitable for transplantation control. It should be supported by medical nutrition therapy and exercise. It is not suitable for people with slight overweight.

Surgery. Treatment:BKI:It is applied for people with 35 and above. The aim is to reduce the energy intake from food and reduce absorption in the gastrointestinal tract. In addition, it is aimed to bring people to the ideal weight with gastric balloon application without the need for surgery.

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