Coronaviruses (CoV) are common in many animal species such as camels, bats, and civet cats. There are four subgroups of corona viruses, alpha, beta, gamma, and delta.
Corona Virus
Coronaviruses (CoV) are commonly found in many animal species such as camels, bats, and musk cats. There are four corona virus subgroups: alpha, beta, gamma and delta. The most common corona virus subtypes in humans are 229E, NL63, OC43, and HKU1 (these subtypes were isolated before COVID-19). These clinical manifestations may lead to acute respiratory syndromes such as Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS-CoV) and Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS-CoV) that threaten human life from mild upper respiratory tract infection.
December 31, 2019 in Wuhan, China. The new Corona virus (COVID-19), which emerged in the city of Istanbul and has been detected in 114 countries to date, has caused 126,380 infections and 4634 deaths worldwide as of 12 March 2020. 68313 people have fully recovered from COVID-19 infection. On March 3, 2020, the World Health Organization announced the estimated death rate due to the new Corona virus infection as 3.4%.
COVID-19, which is spreading rapidly in the world, has also caused concern in our country, although current and accurate information about the ways of protection from Corona has been provided through official channels and specialist physicians, the sharing of ideas and information without scientific basis has also increased. Therefore, we think it will be useful to take a look at the misconceptions about Corona virus.
What Are Human Coronaviruses?
In Human There are seven coronaviruses known to be infectious agents. The first 4 of these are coronaviruses in the alpha and beta groups and cause mild respiratory tract infections in humans. Three other human corona viruses have been identified recently:
SARS-CoV (Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome): It was identified in 2002 in China. It causes severe acute respiratory syndrome. In 2002 and 2003, it caused epidemics around the world and caused 774 deaths. �tur.
MERS-CoV (Middle East Respiratory Syndrome): It emerged in Saudi Arabia in 2012 and has been seen in many countries until today. It has been named the Middle East respiratory syndrome virus (MERS).
Finally; In December 2019, a new Corona Virus (nCoV) called COVID-19 was identified, which caused an epidemic of pneumonia in humans in the city of Wuhan, Hubei province of China.
Novel Corona virus (nCoV) , COVID-19, What Do We Know?
It first emerged in Wuhan, China, as a cause of serious lower respiratory tract infection. As a result of the researches, it was concluded that the agent is different from the known viruses. The genome structure of the virus has been defined by Chinese scientists. The first cases were linked to a large seafood market in the city of Wuhan, suggesting that the agent was transmitted to humans from wild animals, especially bats. The lack of relationship of new cases with the seafood market over time and the development of infection in healthcare workers prove that the virus can spread from person to person.
When Should We Suspect COVID-19?
- You have had close contact within 1 meter of someone diagnosed with COVID-19 infection,
- In a country where COVID-19 has been detected recently (such as China, Iran, Italy, Spain, South Korea, Germany, France, United States) you have been,
- High fever (>37.5°C),
- Cough,
- If shortness of breath develops
When Do Corona Virus Effects Start?
Although the incubation period of the corona virus is not known exactly, it is 5-6 days according to the World Health Organization (WHO) statement. The incubation period may be extended up to 14 days in some patients. In some sources, it is reported that the incubation period can be as short as 2 days.
Is Every Sore Throat a Sign of Corona Virus?
The number of upper respiratory tract infections increases rapidly in the spring-winter months. Coronavirus infection spreads through the respiratory tract and shows symptoms similar to the common cold and flu. Sore throat is an uncommon symptom of Coronavirus infection. Since the symptoms of Corona vary from person to person, it may not be seen in every Covid patient. The World Health Organization (WHO) reported in a study conducted in China that 13.9% of confirmed Covid cases had sore throat.
The most common symptoms in Covid-19 are fever, dry cough, and fatigue.
What Can We Do in Our House to Protect Our Loved Ones?
- Surfaces such as door handles and light switches can be disinfected with vinegar and water.
- Towels, glasses
- Individuals who sneeze and cough should wear masks.
- Individuals in the family over the age of 60 and people with chronic diseases such as asthma, heart disease and diabetes are in the risk group. It is necessary for these people to avoid close contact with others and not to stop taking the drugs they are using.
- The healthy, regular and balanced diet of family members will keep their general body resistance high. For this purpose, a diet rich in vitamins and minerals, vegetables and fruits should be provided.
- All family members should be calm. Trying to have a pleasant time together with the family will help you to get away from the trouble and worry of being forced to live at home
How Should Patients with Suspected Corona Virus Be Isolated?
- People who meet the definition of suspicious patient should immediately wear a surgical mask, and patients should be monitored in an adequately ventilated, single-person, negative pressure isolation room if possible.
- All individuals who will come into contact with the patient follow standard precautions. In addition, it must comply with droplet and contact isolation precautions; should wear a surgical mask, disposable and long-sleeved liquid-resistant gown, gloves, eye protection (eg goggles or face shield).
- Disposable disposable or patient-specific equipment (eg stethoscopes, blood pressure monitors and thermometers) should be used. Surfaces should be cleaned regularly with water and detergent and disinfectants such as sodium hypochlorite should be applied.
- N95 mask and face shield should be used if attempts are made to facilitate the inhalation of the patient's body secretions and fluids.
- Hand hygiene must be strictly followed in all cases.
Which Precautions Should Be Taken in Case of Contact with a Suspected Patient?
Limit the number of all individuals – including healthcare workers – in contact with a patient with suspected COVID-19 infection; A record should be kept of all persons entering the patient's room, including all staff and visitors.
Does Corona Virus Cause Nausea?
Those who have been in close contact with a person who has been confirmed for COVID-19 infection or whose evaluation is ongoing should take their temperature twice a day for 14 days after their last contact and monitor for other early signs such as cough, respiratory distress, body aches, sore throat, headache, diarrhea, nausea/vomiting.
How to Make a Laboratory Diagnosis in Corona?
Respiratory tract samples are taken from patients who meet the definition of a possible case of COVID-19. COVID-19 sequence information was shared and molecular (PCR) tests were designed. With this method, the presence of virus in respiratory tract samples can be revealed. In terms of COVID-19, the samples are evaluated in the Microbiology Reference Laboratories of the General Directorate of Public Health.
How is Corona Treated?
- Covid-19 is a virus Antibiotics do not work for the disease.
- It is known that cold medicines are insufficient to control the symptoms of Corona. Therefore, their use is not recommended.
- As in all viral diseases, plenty of fluid intake and bed rest are recommended.
- There is no definitive effective drug yet, but the current Covid treatment protocol includes favipiravir and hydroxychloroquine, a malaria drug.
- There is no preventive drug against corona infection. Healthy and balanced diet for protection e, regular lifestyle is recommended.
Misunderstanding about Corona Virus
Every Corona virus (COVID-19) case results in death !
As of 31 December 2019, 126380 Corona cases have been detected; Of these, 4634 resulted in death, while 68313 had a full recovery. According to the World Health Organization statement on March 3, the killing rate (mortality) of the new Corona virus is 3.4%. In other words, it results in death in 3-4 out of 100 people proven to be infected with COVID-19, and full recovery in the rest. Since the immune system is less effective in children and people over 65 years of age, it is easier for these people to be infected from the environment where the virus is present. In addition, people with concomitant diseases such as diabetes, heart disease, cancer have a higher risk of being infected with Corona virus.
New Corona virus is also transmitted from cargo packages!
Sneezing and coughing of New Corona Virus (nCoV) We know that it is transmitted by respiratory tract secretions (droplet infection) scattered in the environment during If these secretions are contaminated on floors such as package surfaces, the virus remains alive for 4-6 hours and then dies.
Following this, CoV is not transmitted from cargo packages. The World Health Organization has not imposed any prohibitions or restrictions on parcel and package distribution.
Alcohol-free cologne is sufficient as a hand disinfectant for cleaning surfaces!
Hard surfaces infected with COVID-19 (actually, it applies to all infectious diseases infections) are used for laundry. water, vinegar water or detergent should be wiped. Hand hygiene is the most important issue to be considered in the COVID-19 infection.
In order for a liquid to have disinfectant properties, a minimum alcohol content of 70-95 percent is required. In places where suitable hand antiseptics are not available, any kind of cologne containing 80-90 percent alcohol can be used to protect against viruses in hand hygiene. Since frequent use of products such as hand disinfectants and alcohol can cause skin irritation and dermatitis, the hand hygiene method with the least side effects is to wash hands with warm water and soap. It is washing for 20 seconds.
outside the home until the virus outbreak is over.
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