A callus is a hardening and thickening that develops in the area where the skin is exposed to more pressure and friction than normal conditions. It is seen on the sole of the foot, the tops and sides of the toes, and the palm of the hand. Calluses, especially on the feet, cause pain and discomfort when walking.
What Causes Calluses?
As we mentioned above, calluses occur as a result of the skin being exposed to excessive pressure and friction. The skin hardens and thickens in a way to protect itself against these constantly applied traumas. Hardened and thickened skin itself causes pain and discomfort.
What are the factors that facilitate the formation of calluses?
-Tight or loose shoes that do not fit the foot properly (loose shoes). The foot slides back and forth, causing constant friction).
-Shoes with thin toes and high heels.
-Lack of fatty tissue that acts as a subcutaneous cushion in bony feet.
-Toes that protrude outwards and foot deformities.
-Barefoot walking and running
-Dry skin
-Decrease in subcutaneous fat tissue in old age
-Continuous hammer digging shovel etc. Working with
How can calluses be recognized?
Calls are the appearance of hardened and thickened skin, sometimes with poorly defined borders, in a gritty color and seen on the soles of the feet, toes and palms of the hands. Pain suggests a callus. It is often confused with warts seen on the soles of the feet and palms, because the warts there are not raised and the skin around them thickens. Warts usually have round borders and rough black dots behind them.
callus
wart
How are calluses treated?
Many treatment methods are applied for calluses, such as various solutions containing salicylic acid, tapes, cautery, surgery and radiofrequency ablation. The main point here is to eliminate the factors that cause calluses. If the factors we have mentioned above are not eliminated, it is inevitable for the callus to recur after treatment.
Treatment with solutions and patches;
Different solutions and patches containing salicylic acid are used. skin It is applied to the thickened part of the skin and causes it to peel off after a while. Relapse is common. It is especially unsafe to use in diabetic patients, those with circulatory disorders and dry sensitive skin.
Surgical treatment;
It is the classical surgical method of cutting and removing the callus tissue under local anesthesia. Thickened skin becomes very difficult to approach and stitch. Afterwards, the wound becomes very painful. It is not recommended for large calluses since it is not possible to bring the wound lips side by side.
Treatment with cautery;
It is the removal of the callus by burning it with electrical energy. The resulting deep wound is not stitched and is left open to heal with a dressing. Healing time is long due to dead tissue on the wound floor.
Treatment of callus with radiofrequency;
It is the removal of callus tissue using sound wave energy. Its difference from cautery is that it causes less tissue damage, thus allowing the wound to heal more easily. If the callus tissue is removed by separating it with RF from the exact border of the healthy tissue, there will be almost no bleeding and it will not cause burned dead tissue on the basis of the wound. In this way, wounds heal faster with open dressing. Callus ablation with radiofrequency is a more successful treatment method than other methods due to its ease of application and faster healing.
Calls sometimes become inflamed, It becomes very painful, red and swollen. In this case, antibiotic treatment is required.
Calus treatment with RF
Call formation How to prevent it?
The most important way to prevent callus formation is choosing the right shoes and proper foot care.
Also;
- It would be better to keep the feet clean, dry them well after washing and use a moisturizing cream.
- In places where the skin is thickened, the skin can be thinned and softened by using a pumice stone.
- We should avoid wearing shoes that are narrow toe, have high heels and are too small for the foot. When buying shoes, we should try them on later, because the feet may swell a little later in the day.
-A Comfortable and heelless shoes that do not squeeze any part of the fat should be preferred.
-If there are obvious protruding areas or deformities on our feet, we should use appropriate shoes and, if necessary, a silicone protector suitable for the foot.
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