HPV Vaccine - Cervical Cancer Vaccine HPV (Human Papilloma Virus) is a virus transmitted through sexual intercourse. 80% of cervical cancer and precancerous changes are caused by this virus. The HPV virus, whose importance has become more evident in recent years, has been shown to be present in 60-70 percent of women in some studies conducted in the USA, and its greatest importance in recent years has emerged with the discovery that it is a causative agent in cervical, vaginal and vulva cancer. The human immune system can clear such infections within a year or two, but more resistant HPV types can cause cervical cancer or other cancers in the genital area.
The main importance of the HPV virus is that it causes cervical cancer. All Cervical cancer, the second most common cause of cancer deaths among women in the world, results in approximately half a million diagnoses and 240 thousand deaths each year, and certain low-risk HPV types can cause genital warts and abnormal Pap results. Approximately 32 million cases of genital warts occur worldwide each year. In the USA, approximately 15 thousand women get cervical cancer every year, and approximately 6 thousand of them die. In developing countries, this problem is much greater, because women cannot control the development of cancer-causing agents before they get the disease, and this leads to the death of thousands of women every year.
While some types of HPV cause cancer, others cause sexual diseases.
HPV VACCINE is a vaccine for protection purposes in general and includes HPV types 6, 11, 16, 18.
In women who have not been exposed to HPV types 6, 11, 16, 18. While HPV 16 and 18 cause more than 70 percent of cervical cancers in the world, HPV 6 and 11 cause genital warts in the world. It is held responsible for more than 90 percent of cases.
Although the HPV Vaccine can currently be applied to women in the 9 - 26 age group, it is planned to use the vaccine for women over 26 years of age and for men in the future.
The effectiveness of the vaccine It is recommended to be administered to women between the ages of 9 and 26 in 3 doses at 0, 2 and 6 months. The vaccine creates an effective antibody response for 5 years.
Important Points About HPV Vaccines and Cancer Vaccine:
Vaccine 3 It will be administered as a dose. Although it is not known exactly how much immunity it will provide after 3 doses, it is claimed that it may need to be repeated after 5 years.
It is stated that it may cause minor allergic reactions in sensitive people after vaccination.
The ideal age for vaccination is between the ages of 9-12, and it is recommended to be administered at the age of 26 at the latest. Adolescence is the most appropriate age range for vaccination.
Initially, it is planned to be administered only to girls, but its application to boys is controversial.
Primarily, HIV carriers, those receiving immunosuppressant treatment, cortisone users, those with diseases that weaken the immune system, or those in the risk group for HPV ( For example, those with multiple partners should be vaccinated.
The risk does not end completely, so screening of the cervix should be continued with smear and colposcopy when necessary. Routine smear follow-up every 6 months or a year is also required after vaccination, according to the doctor's recommendation.
The most curious thing is whether it can be performed on those who are HPV carriers, those with lesions and those with active genital warts. . Since the vaccine is protective, it has no benefit against a type that has already been acquired (for example, 16), and it is very rare for people to have more than one virus type at the same time. It is claimed that when vaccinated to people with HPV and condyloma, it may be beneficial only against other types that they do not have (in cases where it is assumed that they can get these types at a later time, perhaps in those living with multipartners..) and this is a controversial and uncertain situation. For this reason, since the vaccine is preventive, it is currently known that it may be effective in people who have not contracted the virus.
New studies on new HPV vaccines. It is ongoing and it is known that more developed vaccines may be introduced to the market in the coming years.
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