WHAT IS SCHEMA THERAPY?
Schema Therapy introduced by Jeffrey E.Young et al.; Although it is a significant extension of the traditional Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy system; With the addition of interpersonal and experiential techniques, it has become a integrative therapy system
Other therapy systems in which schema therapy is affected;
* Attachment therapy
* Gestalt therapy
* Object relations therapy
* Constructivist and Psychoanalytic therapy
WHAT CONDITIONS IS SCHEMA THERAPY WORKING FOR?
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Hard-to-treat Borderline Personality Disorder and It is a therapy system developed to treat patients with chronic characterological problems such as >Narcissistic Personality Disorders. (According to studies conducted in the Netherlands, while the improvement rate of Schema therapy in such patients is 66%, the clinical improvement rate of Transference Focused Psychotherapy, which is another therapy system working in this field, is 46%)
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In addition, schema therapy us; It is designed to treat the characterological aspects (roots of disorders) of chronic psychological problems.. (eg major depression, panic attacks, okb ..)
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“Schema therapy; It has been proven to be beneficial in the treatment of chronic depression, anxiety, eating disorders, complicated partner relationship problems, and long-term difficulties in maintaining a satisfying close relationship” ( Young, 2019 p.25)
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“Schema therapy has been helpful in criminal offenses and preventive in returning to substance use” (Young 2019 p.25)
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It also helps us with Schema Therapy personal growth. If we need to talk about these briefly;
Being able to say no
Continuing the diet, maintaining self-discipline
Communicating and maintaining healthy communication with other people
To be able to make decisions for oneself
To protect one's own rights without making excessive sacrifices
To be able to make decisions for oneself without giving in Being able to defend one's self
To be able to empathize
To put an end to the habit of procrastination
To be able to adapt to the environment, to take a place in the group without isolating oneself
With a sense of imperfection able to fight
To be able to express one's feelings in a healthy way without suppressing them
To be able to fight the fear of failure, etc.
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Schema therapy is a resource-focused therapy system, not symptom-focused. . It works through schemas by combining the causes of the problem with past experiences and future concerns. And thus it provides a more permanent effect.
Conditions not treated with schema therapy:
Not applicable in acute and major problems ( schema therapy is applied in fully developed disorders eg anxiety)
Psychoses ( in schizophrenia and manic episodes
Severe axis 1 disorders ( for example, the first intervention in major depression in the suicidal stage is drug therapy, not therapy. Therapy is administered when appropriate for therapy)
Severe substance use (when the person is not self-aware)
In cases where the problem does not belong to the schema that belongs to the situation.
HOW ARE SCHEMAS FORMATION?
Research has found that 18 main thoughts and emotions are at the root of psychological and psychiatric disorders. We call each structure a 'Schema' for short.
Schema therapy is a therapy system that works deeply with these root thoughts and helps greatly in relieving and recurring the resulting discomfort.
Well, this is early in our life. How do the structures that emerge in the early stages of life and affect our whole life come into being?
When we look at the reasons for the formation of these schemas that emerged in the early stages of life, three different reasons were found.
1. Childhood needs (love, justice, trust, and respect) are not adequately met or are over-met.
2. Temperamental differences are as important as whether needs are met in the development of schemas. ir. (It consists of 9 different main temperaments and 27 different subtypes. And there are different intensities of emotion, thought and behavior structures that affect each temperament). Even adequate fulfillment of childhood needs may cause the person to feel (with the effect of temperament) that the needs are not sufficiently satisfied.
3. Characteristics of the society in which they live (Some thoughts, feelings and behaviors show social characteristics and are accepted as normal in the society they live in. For example, in our society, a self-sacrificing child is applauded and well-done by the society. This can prepare the environment for the development of the Sacrifice Scheme.)
CHAINS DEVELOPED DUE TO CHILDHOOD NEEDS
As a result of not meeting our 4 basic childhood needs, which have been accepted recently, our minds are lost. In order to meet these needs, he develops ways of coping, that is, schemas. Although these copings are beneficial for the development of the soul and protect the soul at the beginning, they form the root for the formation of spiritual problems in the future. Unmet childhood needs and the resulting schemas are as follows:
1. In cases where the Need for Love and Belonging is not adequately met; schemes of emotional deprivation, suppression of emotions, imperfection, and social isolation.
2. The need for respect is not adequately met; failure, entanglement, submissiveness, dependency scheme.
3. In the fact that the need for freedom has not been adequately met; inadequate self-control, justification schemes
4. When the need for justice is not adequately met; (pessimism, abandonment, skepticism, vulnerability) and (high standards, punishment, self-sacrifice) conscience schemas.
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