The reason is shown to be changing environmental factors and direct exposure to ultraviolet (UV) rays due to damage to the ozone layer. In addition to UV rays;
Those with light skin and a family history of skin cancer
Those with a large number of nevus and their different shapes and sizes
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The incidence of skin cancer is high in people who are exposed to chemicals for a long time and those who work outdoors
People who have old burns or wounds that do not heal for a long time.
Types of skin cancer.
There are 3 types of skin cancer
Basal cell cancer
It is the most common skin cancer and is generally seen in the head and neck area, in sun-exposed areas and in older ages. It first begins with crusting on the skin, and over a long period of time, it becomes bleeding and crusty. It generally does not spread to other parts of the body and grows over the years where it is located.
Squamous cell cancer
It is the most common skin cancer after basal cell cancer. It usually appears on the face, ears and lips, and wounds that do not close for a long time. It can develop on the ground or on old burn scars. It grows faster than basal cell cancer and is in the form of a bleeding and crusty wound. If treatment is delayed, it may spread to other organs and become fatal.
Malignant melanoma
It is the most dangerous of skin cancers. It starts as a dark mole or it may start in an existing mole. Rapidly growing, painful, itchy, irregular lesions that change color and shape should be suspected. If diagnosed early, there is a chance of treatment. But late cases are usually fatal.
How can we protect ourselves from skin cancer:
It is the biggest skin cancer among all skin cancers. The factor is sunlight. In particular, ultravioletA triggers the formation of skin cancer by causing DNA damage. Therefore, we can minimize this risk by using sunscreen with a protection factor of at least 30. Especially our children's skin is more sensitive. It is reported that the incidence of skin cancer increases in people who had sunburn with blisters during childhood. For this reason, protecting yourself from the sun, especially between 11 and 15 o'clock when the sun is most intense, will seriously reduce the occurrence of skin cancer.
Early diagnosis is as important as preventing skin cancer. It is necessary to consult a physician in cases where there is a wound on our body that does not heal and sometimes bleeds, or if an existing mole changes in shape, color and size, and has some symptoms such as pain and itching. It is a common belief among people, especially in rural areas, that if a knife touches such wounds or moles, they will turn into cancer. However, this is quite wrong and for this reason many patients lose their chance of treatment.
Skin cancer treatment
The main form of treatment for all three types of skin cancer is surgery. If the lesion is small, the entire lesion is removed and sent for pathological examination. In large lesions, biopsy is performed first and surgery is planned according to the pathology result. Especially basal cell and squamous cell cancers can be completely treated with surgery if detected early. In malignant melanoma, chemotherapy and interferon treatments are also used in addition to surgery.
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