Loosing teeth is called "mobility". Mobility is a very common problem in dentistry. Teeth normally have mobility, but this is very limited and we are unlikely to notice it. This condition is defined as "physiological mobility" and is a requirement for the periodontal ligament surrounding the tooth root to transmit chewing forces in a way that does not damage the alveolar bone.
Mobility that exceeds physiological limits in adulthood is defined as "pathological mobility". The reasons for mobility are as follows:
Increased tooth mobility is not always considered pathological; It can also be seen with the adaptation of periodontal tissues to increasing functional needs. For this reason, the distinction between "increased mobility" and "pathological mobility" should be made carefully, and possible causes of mobility should be examined carefully. Increased mobility is reversible once the cause is eliminated. Pathological mobility cannot be reversed by periodontal treatment alone.
Sometimes, periodontal disease progresses due to excessive tartar accumulation and alveolar bone destruction is advanced. However, the existing dense cluster of tartar fixes the teeth to each other, and after these tartars are removed, it is noticed that the teeth are loose. Patients generally accept this as a result of scaling and say, "I wish I hadn't had it done." one might think. In fact, this situation depends on the long-term presence of dental stones in the area, and unless they are removed, bone loss will continue to increase. It is very important to prevent this situation as soon as possible.
Mobility develops faster in single, short and thin-rooted teeth. That's why people usually notice this situation on their front teeth. Not every mobile tooth needs to be extracted. Depending on the cause of the mobility, when the factor is eliminated, the mobility of the tooth may decrease or may disappear. However, in the presence of alveolar bone loss as a result of periodontal disease, the character of alveolar bone loss is of great importance. If bone recovery (regeneration) is not possible, extraction or fixing of the tooth to other teeth may be considered, depending on the severity of the tooth's mobility.
Fixing the tooth to adjacent teeth is preferred if the mobility is relatively less suitable for keeping the tooth in the mouth. It can happen in two ways; The crown can either be adhered to adjacent teeth, or the teeth can be splinted. Splint can simply be described as gluing the mobile tooth and at least 3-4 adjacent teeth together with filling material from their inner parts. The patient is taught to clean this part with interface brushes, ensuring that the splint is not too close to the gum.
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