Acute diarrhea is an important cause, especially in children in developing countries. The causes of diarrhea can be viruses, bacteria, parasites and fungi. Many appear to be associated with water supplies, sewage systems, and personal hygiene. Rotavirus ranks first among viral agents. Rotavirus can also be transmitted through fecal-oral transmission (through inadequate hygiene), through droplets (like the flu - from person to person), and through objects. Approximately 440,000 child deaths occur annually in the world due to rotavirus diarrhea, 2 million children are hospitalized and 25 million are admitted to outpatient clinics. Diarrhea is still the second most common cause of death in children under the age of 5. It is especially severe in children under 2 years of age. Worldwide, the most common cause of severe diarrhea in this age group is rotavirus. Deaths due to rotavirus occur at a higher rate in developing countries. In our country, rotavirus is most common between 0-24 months and the second most frequently between 24-60 months. Rotavirus diarrhea is affected by the region, season and climate and is more common in winter and spring. Rotavirus infection causes a clinical picture characterized by watery diarrhea followed by fever and vomiting after an incubation period of 1-3 days. It causes more severe diarrhea than all other viral agents. Almost all children are infected with rotavirus at least once within the first 5 years of age. It is not seen frequently in babies in the first 3 months due to the protective effect of breast milk. Although initial rotavirus infection prevents severe recurrent rotavirus infections, it does not provide complete protection, so at least two/three doses of vaccine are required.
VACCINATION
Two or three doses of vaccine are required. It is recommended that babies who have not completed the full three-dose vaccination schedule complete the schedule even if they have rotavirus diarrhea. Because protection after natural infections is limited. If the same vaccine cannot be obtained in babies previously vaccinated with a different brand, vaccination should be continued with the current vaccine. If the previous vaccine series is unknown, it should be completed as a 3-dose vaccine series.
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