In this process, unlike IVF, a sperm is injected into each egg and the embryos are waited for their development. Among the developing embryos, those suitable for transfer are selected. Microinjection is generally preferred in the treatment of men who have sperm in their testicles even though their sperm count is very low and even there is no sperm in their semen.
WHEN AND HOW IS EMBRYO TRANSFER DONE?
Embryo transfer is a part of in vitro fertilization treatment. is the last step. Embryos are placed in the uterus, usually 48-72 hours after egg collection, when they are 2-8 cells old. But the process is 2.-6. It can also be done between days.
The patient to whom the embryo transfer will be transferred must be urinary. A predetermined number of embryos are released from the cervix with a thin catheter under the guidance of abdominal ultrasound. Embryo transfer is not a painful procedure and does not require anesthesia. After the procedure, the patient is given hormone medications in the form of injections, suppositories or cream to support the tissue lining the uterus (endometrium). This treatment continues until the tenth week of pregnancy if pregnancy occurs. In cases where pregnancy does not occur and menstrual bleeding occurs, treatment is discontinued as soon as bleeding begins. On the 12th day after embryo transfer, the patient is called for a blood pregnancy test. In those with a positive test, the blood test is repeated two days later.
No difference was found between returning to normal activities and rest after embryo transfer in terms of pregnancy. However, it is recommended that the patient not do heavy work for 3-4 days after the procedure.
There is a direct relationship between the number of embryos transferred and clinical pregnancy rates. The best results are obtained by transferring 2-4 embryos. Multiple pregnancy rates are quite high when more than two embryos are transferred.
WHAT IS THE EMBRYO FREEZING PROCESS?
In couples with a large number of embryos, the remaining ones transferred can be frozen and stored for up to 5 years in Turkey, if they are of good quality. . The success rate of frozen embryo transfer is quite high if the laboratory environment is good.
HOW LONG SHOULD I WAIT IN CASES WHERE IN VIRTUAL FED TREATMENT FAILS?
The ideal thing is to wait 1.5-2 months between two in vitro fertilization attempts. Financial situation and psychological factors are suitable If the condition is successful, a second attempt may be made.
PROBLEMS THAT MAY BE ENCOUNTERED DURING IVF APPLICATION
Cancellation of the treatment: This happens if the patients do not respond to the treatment as expected and if a sufficient number of eggs are not produced. Generally, this rate is 1 in 7.
No egg found: Rarely, ovary-related problems, more often ovulation before egg collection, or no egg coming out of the follicle even though ultrasound and E2 follow-ups are normal (Empty follicle syndrome). occurs as a result. EFS is seen in 2-7% of all cycles and the probability of recurrence increases up to 20%, especially if the woman is older.
Difficulty in transfer: Embryo transfer can be very difficult due to the woman's anatomical problems. In such cases, the chance of pregnancy decreases.
Lack of sperm: Sperm cannot be found in approximately 40% of patients who undergo TESE and the treatment is forced to be cancelled.
Lack of fertilization: 5% of women who undergo egg collection. It is seen in . Although it is mostly due to low sperm count or egg-related problems, it may not always be possible to reveal the cause.
Bleeding before the pregnancy test: Possibility of ectopic pregnancy: The probability of ectopic pregnancy after in vitro fertilization is between 1-3%. The risk of occurrence increases in women with a history of surgery or damage to the tubes. There is mostly coffee-coloured, spotting vaginal bleeding and groin pain, and it can be diagnosed with vaginal ultrasound as well as serial blood pregnancy test (beta HCG) follow-up. Although the chance of pregnancy decreases in those who have bleeding before the test day, it does not mean that there is no pregnancy.
Ovarian Hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS): It is a condition that occurs in some women due to the excessive response of the ovaries to the drugs used to increase egg production. The exact cause is unknown. Some side effects may occur in patients within two weeks following stimulation. This condition occurs as fluid accumulation in the abdominal cavity and other body cavities. Symptoms include bloating, lower abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, in severe cases, shortness of breath and increased blood clotting. Although most patients undergoing in vitro fertilization experience mild symptoms, the condition becomes increasingly severe in 5% of patients. r and these patients require inpatient treatment. In people at risk for OHSS, treatment can be canceled or embryo transfer can be postponed after the eggs are collected and the eggs can be frozen or the drug dose can be reduced
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