It is the most common hormonal disorder in women. Its cause and manifestation are genetic and there is evidence of familial transmission. The disease manifests itself with more antral follicles than normal in the ovaries, resulting in ovulation disorders and infertility. Estrogens secreted from numerous antral follicles turn into testosterone, the male hormone, in the peripheral fat tissue and are manifested by acne, male-pattern weight gain (from the waist and belly area), male-pattern hair growth and menstrual irregularities.
The disease affects the younger generation. It manifests itself with irregular periods starting from the first years of menstruation and throughout the youth years, increased hair growth, hair loss, weight gain and inability to lose weight despite dieting, and increased acne, which we call acne. There is no effective and complete treatment. The main idea in treatment should be "regular menstruation". It should be known that the person's menstrual cycle should be regular, with or without this medication. Because the underlying cause of the disease lies in a hormonal imbalance. It is observed that the hormones in the brain have difficulty controlling the ovary. Its name is simple, but it has an extremely complex pathophysiology, that is, abnormal hormone behavior, with its behavior and findings. When the underlying hormonal disorder is corrected, the person will have regular menstruation, a decrease in weight and easier weight loss with diet will be observed, improvements in hair loss and acne will be observed, but after stopping the treatment, these may reoccur depending on the severity of the disease. Because there is no complete solution to the disease. Just as a woman who dyes her hair regains her original hair color after a few months, the ovaries can return to their old hormone cycle after treatment is stopped. For this reason, regular menstruation is the most important sign of well-being in PCOS.
The weight gain we see in polycystic ovary appears to be male-type due to the high level of male hormones, which we call androgens. In other words, while weight is gained from the belly, the hips and legs gain relatively less weight. In a woman who does not experience a hormonal disorder, weight gain typically occurs in the hips and legs, and the thickening around the belly is relatively less. Top While these patients can lose weight with appropriate diets, our patients who gain weight due to polycystic ovary find it more difficult and resistant to lose weight.
In addition to polycystic ovary syndrome, depending on the severity of the disease, increased hair growth, acne, skin Additional complaints such as dryness and rashes. The underlying cause of this disorder is the excessive production of male hormones, and drugs that suppress the production of male hormones are used in its treatment.
The most important and common symptom of polycystic ovary syndrome is amenorrhea due to little or no ovulation. is the problem. This problem also makes it difficult to get pregnant.
Women with polycystic ovary syndrome are at risk for some diseases as they get older. An increase in the incidence of heart diseases and especially uterine cancer and breast cancer, which we encounter more frequently in women with irregular menstrual cycles who are not receiving treatment, has been detected. Patients with polycystic ovaries who have poor weight control are at risk of diabetes and hyperlipidemia. This also increases other long-term risks of heart disease and diabetes. Among these risks, we can list heart attack, kidney and nervous system side effects, which we call diabetic neuropathy - nephropathy. Additionally, when pregnant, there is an increased risk of high blood pressure, which we call preeclampsia.
Things to do to minimize these unwanted complications of polycystic ovary syndrome:
- Regular menstruation, if it is irregular. to receive treatment
- To prevent weight gain and to apply appropriate treatments and diets
- To eat healthy
It should not be forgotten that hormones that do not take into account their complaints and have irregular menstrual periods for years People with severe disorders are more likely to experience these unwanted side effects. However, in general, it is unlikely that a patient with polycystic ovary syndrome who has a good weight and regular menstrual periods will encounter these consequences.
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