The heart consists of four chambers:two atria at the top (right and left atrium)and two ventricles (left and right ventricle)below the atria. . There are valves between the atria and ventricles and between the ventricles and the veins that originate from them. Valves serve to prevent blood from flowing in one direction, thus preventing blood from flowing back. While the valves allow blood to enter the ventricles in one direction, they also allow it to exit in one direction. Each valve consists of 3 leaflets (except the mitral valve, which consists of 2 leaflets). These four heart valves are:
1-Tricuspid valve: located between the right atrium and right ventricle.
2- Pulmonary valve: located between the right ventricle and pulmonary artery.
3- Mitral valve:located between the left ventricle and left atrium.
3- Mitral valve:located between the left ventricle and left atrium. p>
4- Aortic valve: located between the left ventricle and the aorta.
- How do heart valves work?
As the heart muscle contracts and relaxes, the valves open and close. In this way, blood fills the ventricles and atria alternately. Below is explained how the valves on the left side of the heart work:
After the left ventricle relaxes, the aortic valve closes and the mitral valve opens to allow blood flow from the left atrium to the left ventricle.
The left atrium contracts and the left ventricle flows further. There is excessive blood flow.
Then the left ventricle contracts, the mitral valve closes, thus preventing blood from flowing back into the left atrium. At the same time, the aortic valve opens so that blood is thrown into the aorta. Then the left ventricle relaxes, the aortic valve closes to prevent blood from flowing back into the left ventricle, and thus the cycle continues.
Similar events occur on the right side, between the tricuspid valve and the pulmonary valve.
- What is heart valve disease?
Diseases in the heart valves are largely caused by rheumatic heart disease. Apart from this, structural disorders of the valves, enlargement of the heart cavities, cardiovascular diseases, and inflammatory diseases can also cause valve disease. There can be two types of defects in heart valves: r:
Valve Insufficiency: The valves do not close completely; Thus, some of the blood that should only flow forward also escapes backwards. Therefore, some of the work done by the heart is wasted. Thus, the load on the heart increases. If the valve insufficiency is excessive, it may cause heart failure.
Valve Stenosis: The opening between the valves narrows, making it difficult for the heart to send blood to other spaces or vessels. The heart spends more power to achieve this. If the stenosis rate is high, complaints related to the low blood flow from the heart may occur and heart failure may occur.
In some cases, both stenosis and insufficiency may occur in the same valve
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