What is it?
It is a health problem that is frequently seen in children and causes permanent disabilities if not diagnosed and treated early. Disruption of the relationship between the femoral head in the hip joint and its socket, the acetabulum, at different levels is called DKC/DDH.
At these levels, if there is a complete dislocation, the femoral head appears completely outside the socket. If there is a semi-dislocation, there is an incomplete, limited contact between the joint surfaces. If dysplasia is as it is called, it means that the acetabulum and femoral head are inadequately developed.
Causes: There may be various reasons. It is generally more common in those with a family history and in girls. It is most visible on the left hip. Swaddle use increases the incidence.
Clinical: Families' reasons for applying are often the inability to fully open the baby's hips, different skin folds on the legs, and disruption in the walking phase.
Physical examination, USG and radiography are used in the diagnosis phase. Physical examination gives sufficient results in making a diagnosis in the first months. During the examination, we can evaluate whether the hip has come out and fallen into place.
In the following months, it is noteworthy that the skin folds are different, the hip opening is limited, and the leg lengths are different. In the post-walking period, the foot on the dislocated side steps outwards and there is a limp. USG is a method that can be used in the first 6 months. Radiography can guide us in the diagnosis and treatment phase after the 6th month.
In early diagnosis of treatment, PAVLIK bandage is applied for the first 6 months. It is followed up with USG. Generally, this treatment is satisfactory. If the Pavlik bandage is not successful or the baby is older than 6 months when he comes to us, closed reduction surgery and casting are used for treatment. If the case is detected when the patient is older than 18 months, bone surgeries are needed. Successful results can be obtained from these surgeries up to the age of 6, although rarely.
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