Gynecomastia is feminine breast enlargement in men. Most breast growth during adolescence returns to normal within 1 to 2 years. Breast enlargement that persists for more than 2 years is considered gynecomastia. Many reasons may play a role in the formation of gynecomastia. These are the drugs used (such as some antidepressants, alcohol, amphetamines), hormonal imbalance, some diseases (liver, thyroid, testicular TM, etc.), steroid and protein-supported drugs used by athletes to build their bodies, and obesity. Even without any of these reasons, gynecomastia may develop depending on the response of the breast tissue to normal hormone levels (end organ response).
Gynecomastia usually causes social and psychological problems. Additionally, the shoulders are brought forward to hide the breasts, which causes posture disorders.
There are 3 classifications of gynecomastia.
1 The breasts are slightly enlarged.
2 The breasts are enlarged, but the skin is enlarged. There is no sagging.
3 The breasts are extremely large and there is sagging in the skin.
BEFORE THE SURGERY
The surgery can usually be performed with local anesthesia. . Sedation or general anesthesia may be preferred depending on the patient's wishes and breast size. The surgical technique is chosen according to breast ultrasound and examination findings. If the breast tissue is low and the fat content is high, the breast can be reduced with liposuction. If there is excess breast tissue and excess skin, it is more appropriate to remove it surgically. In some cases, both techniques are used in combination.
SURGERY
1. and in 2nd degree gynecomastia, that is, in cases where there is not much sagging of the skin, the breast tissue is reached through a half-moon incision made from the nipple and the excess tissue is removed. If fat around the breast is common, liposuction is preferred. Even if surgery is performed, the surrounding fat tissue must be removed by liposuction, otherwise there will be a level difference between the nipple and the surrounding tissue. In 3rd degree gynecomastia with excess skin, it may be necessary to remove excess skin with horizontal or vertical incisions.
AFTER SURGERY
1. and 2nd degree gynecomastia do not require hospitalization after surgery. Arm movements may be slightly painful for 1-2 days. The patient returns to work on the 3rd day. In 3rd degree gynecomastia (skin excision A 1-night hospital stay may be required, and depending on the type of incision, scars may remain on the breast, which may vary from person to person and diminish over time.
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