What is Myoma? What are the Symptoms of Myoma? How to Treat Myoma?

Myomas, also called fibroids, which are frequently observed in women around the world, can be called benign uterine tumors. In this article, "what is myoma?", "what are the symptoms of myoma?", "why does myoma occur?" and “how are myomas treated?” I will share with you the answers to the questions you are most curious about, such as.

What is Myoma?

Myomas, which mostly occur in women aged 35 and over, can vary in size from 1 to 15 cm. are benign uterine tumors. Myomas, which have a pink-colored round structure, develop from the smooth muscles in the uterus or cervix. While these benign growths occurring in any part of the uterus sometimes do not cause any complaints, they may cause discomfort by causing various symptoms in some women.

What are the Symptoms of Myoma?

Less As I mentioned before, although it is not right to generalize that myomas will cause complaints in every woman, the most common myoma symptoms can be listed as follows:

• More bleeding during the menstrual period
• Decreased menstrual period becoming more frequent and lasting longer
• More pain during the menstrual period
• Vaginal bleeding outside the menstrual period
• Feeling pain during sexual intercourse
• Pain in the abdomen and/or waist area
• Frequent urination or difficulty urinating
• Slow bowel movements and constipation
• Cramping in the abdominal area

What are the Types of Myoma?

Intramural Myoma:It develops in the muscle layer in the middle part of the uterus, causing prolonged menstrual periods and excessive bleeding. Types of myomas that can cause anemia in women are called "intramural myomas".

Subserous Myoma: Subserous myomas, which cause complaints such as frequent urination, constipation and abdominal swelling, are formed in the outer layer of the uterus and are exposed to the outside. They grow correctly and create pressure on external organs.

Submucous Myoma: Submucous myomas are the type of myoma that is least common but causes the most bleeding when it occurs. Submucous myomas form in the inner layer of the uterus and They grow into the cyst.

Why Do Myomas Form?

Nothing definitive can be said yet about the reasons for myoma formation. However, it is accepted that some risk factors may trigger myoma formation. Factors that increase the risk of myoma formation include variables such as genetic factors, a diet rich in red meat, alcohol consumption, high blood pressure, hormonal changes and excess weight.

How is Myoma Treated?

Myoma treatment may vary depending on the complaints experienced by the person and therefore the size of the myomas. When myomas are small and do not cause any symptoms, the treatment option can be postponed. In such a case, myomas need to be monitored with gynecological examinations every 6 months.

If the size of myomas and the complaints they cause increase, drug treatment can be applied as the first step. If medical treatment is not sufficient to reduce the size of myomas and reduce patient complaints, surgical options are evaluated.

When evaluating for myoma surgery, the patient's age, whether she plans to have children, and her general health condition are taken into consideration. If the fibroids are very large and women do not plan to have children, a hysterectomy operation in which the uterus is removed is on the agenda. If the myomas are small in size and pregnancy is planned, the myomas can be removed with a myomectomy operation. Apart from myomectomy and hysterectomy, myoma treatment can also be performed with uterine artery embolization and endometrial ablation methods.

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