The tissues called tonsils and adenoids are composed of lymphoid cells. It has a role in lymphocyte production. Because the immunoglobulins from mother to newborn are small. They grow due to infections, more frequently at the age of 4-5. At an advanced age they tend to shrink. Large adenoids obstruct nasal breathing. They also disrupt the drainage of the ears and sinuses, causing problems of varying degrees. Hearing loss, snoring, mouth breathing, night coughs and runny nose are observed in these children. Chronic adenoid inflammation or enlargement can lead to orthodontic disorders, disorders in facial development and speech disorders.
When tonsil and adenoid enlargements reach a size that narrows the upper respiratory tract, it causes serious problems such as snoring and apnea, as well as breathlessness during sleep. In these cases, it would be beneficial to consult an ENT specialist.
The disease known as rheumatic fever is a complication caused by antibodies against group A beta hemolytic streptococci. It may cause disorders in the heart valves.
In what cases should tonsils and adenoids be removed?
Tonsil and adenoid surgeries are frequently performed in ENT clinics. When there is no benefit from drug treatment, they are removed surgically. There are two criteria used to decide on this surgery.
The absolute and relative necessity of surgery is determined.
Situations requiring definitive surgery:
- Upper respiratory tract Blockage of tonsils and adenoids depending on their size
- Abscess around the tonsil (Peritonsillar abscess)
- Malignant tumor suspicion
- Adenoid and tonsil growths that disrupt the jaw structure.
Frequently recurring tonsil infections come first among the relative criteria. 40% of tonsil surgeries are performed for this reason.
At What Age Are These Surgeries Performed?
Although tonsil diseases are known as a problem in the pediatric age group, the same rules apply in adults. Tonsil surgery is also performed on adults who do not have any serious health problems that would prevent surgery. The lower age limit is 4-5 years old, except in compulsory cases. It was determined as �. It is not possible to determine the upper age limit. In general, the incidence of this disease is low in older ages and simple solutions are often preferred.
How is Tonsil Surgery?
Statistics report a serious complication due to anesthesia or surgery in one in 14,000 surgeries. The rate of serious bleeding after surgery is as low as 5/1000. Many scientific studies have been conducted on the body's defense system after tonsillectomy, but no clear results have been obtained. A decrease in the number of some types of lymphocytes has been shown in people who have had their tonsils removed. However, this has not been found to cause any clinical problems. There is a belief that it is easier to get pharyngitis after tonsillectomy. The incidence of pharyngitis is the same in people who have or have not had their tonsils removed. Removing tonsils does not increase the rate of pharyngitis.
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- 7 times in the last year, or 5 times per year in the last two years, or 3 times per year or more in the last three years. Frequent tonsillitis with fever
- Carriers of diphtheria microbes
- People with heart valve disorders.
- Frequent middle ear infections due to inflammation of the tonsils and adenoids.
- In such cases, it is called chronic tonsillitis. In case of solution, surgical treatment is recommended and planned.
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