Any habitual drug or substance becomes a psychological and physiological need for the person to survive, a desire to take it that is difficult to prevent, the amount and frequency of taking it gradually increases, withdrawal symptoms occur if it is not taken, and this drug or substance It can be summarized as making it impossible to continue daily life without addiction.
Addiction is a chronic disorder. This disease forces the person to seek out substances despite their harm. The first drug use is a choice made by the person with his or her free will. But repeated drug use causes changes in the brain. These changes push the person to seek drugs and use them repeatedly despite their bad effects (family problems, theft, losing friends and other physical or mental problems).
Addiction is a bio-psycho-social disease. By affecting the person biologically, sociologically and psychologically, it causes a decrease in the person's quality of life, problems in social relations and deterioration in mental health.
Addiction is a chronic brain disorder characterized by the person doing the addicted thing repeatedly despite all its harms. It is a disease.
Just as the person himself is harmed, his surroundings are also affected and harmed by this situation.
At least two of the following must manifest themselves within a year, causing clinically significant distress and a decrease in functionality. :
-Taking the substance for longer periods of time and in higher amounts than intended
-Continuous efforts to control or stop using the substance but are unsuccessful
-Spending a lot of time to obtain, use or stop using the substance
br /> -Feeling a great desire or feeling compelled to use the substance
-Inability to fulfill responsibilities (at work, school, at home) as a result of repeated use
-Continuing to use despite its negative effects (social and personal
-Decreasing or completely abandoning social, professional and personal activities due to substance use
-Continuing to use even in situations that may be dangerous
-Emerging or increasing physiological or psychological problems use substance despite
- Tolerance to the substance has developed etc.). Not every substance causes withdrawal symptoms.
10 different substances are defined in DSM-5:
1)Alcohol
2)Caffeine
3)Cannabis (marijuana)
4)Hallucinogens (LSD, mescaline, phencyclidine, etc.)
5)Volatiles (thinner, gasoline, gasoline, bali, etc.)
6)Opiates (morphine, heroin, codeine, methadone, etc.)< br /> 7)Sedatives, hypnotic and anxiolytics (diazepam, clorazepate, etc.)
8)Stimulants (amphetamine, ecstasy, cocaine, etc.)
9)Tobacco
10)Other unknown substances
How is addiction treated?
Addiction treatment; It requires a comprehensive treatment and rehabilitation program, paying attention to psychosocial variables as well as medication. Treatment success varies depending on the person's willingness to accept treatment, life events, family relationships, the severity of addiction, the problems it causes and many other factors.
Instead of a single addiction treatment method, the person's situation (biological-psychological- Treatment programs specific to sociological treatment should be developed. Addiction treatment begins with detoxification treatment. Purification treatment; It is done to address the withdrawal symptoms that occur when the person does not consume alcohol or substances and the substance is withdrawn from the body.
This is the first stage of treatment. Purification treatment can be done in hospital or on an outpatient basis. Since the withdrawal of some substances causes serious medical problems, inpatient treatment is required. Alcohol withdrawal can cause epileptic seizures or delirium tremens, which can be life-threatening. For this reason, it would be more appropriate to receive decontamination treatment in a hospital. In the continuation of detoxification treatment, therapy programs are applied along with drug treatments. Many patients can quit treatment early.
Studies have shown that patients who participate in individual or group therapies along with drug treatment can stay in treatment for a long time, thus staying away from substances, their quality of life increases, and their social lives improve. Informing the person and developing methods to cope with stress and craving for drugs are some of the focus points in therapy programs.
It is important to include the family in the treatment. Therefore, providing education to families about addiction will help them support their relatives more effectively.
Read: 0
