Approximately 15% of couples have infertility problems, that is, they cannot have children despite a year of unprotected and frequent sexual intercourse. Half of them are subject to male infertility.
The basis of men's problems lies in problems in sperm production or sperm transport.
In 2/3 of infertile men, either not enough sperm are produced in the testicles and/or the sperm produced cannot move or move. their structures are damaged. 1/5 of infertile men have problems with sperm transport, including those who want to have children again after having a vasectomy. Obstruction in the channels that transmit sperm from the testicles to the penis causes no sperm to be released in the semen (AZOSPERMIA).
Known causes of male infertility:
I- Sperm production problems:
-Chromosomal. and genetic causes.
- Undescended testicle
- Infections
- Testicular torsion.
-Varicocele
- Drugs and chemicals.
-Radiation damage.
- Unknown causes.
II- Blockage of sperm conduction.
- Infections
- Problems with the prostate.
- Vasectomy.
- Absence of vas deferens.
III- Sexual problems..
-Retrograde or premature ejaculation.
- Absence of ejaculation
- Absence of erection
- Rare intercourse.
-Spinal cord damage
- Prostate surgery.
-Some medications.
IV- Hormonal problems
- Pituitary tumors
- Congenital absence of LH and FSH
- Abuse of steroid anabolicants.
V- Sperm antibodies.
- In vasectomy
- Infection or damage to the epididymis.
- Unknown causes.
Diagnosis and tests:
Primarily required:
I- General physical and genital examination, medical history of the person.
II-Spermiogram (semen analysis): sperm count, motility and shape are important parameters.
Tests that may be required to reveal the cause:
I- Scrotal US.
II- Hormonal tests.
III-Post-ejaculation urine analysis.
IV-Genetic Tests.
V- Testicular biopsy
VI-Transrectal US
VII-Special sperm function tests.
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