Pregnancy is a physiological event, but sometimes some events may occur during pregnancy that can endanger the lives of the mother and the baby. Even in normal pregnancies, changes in the woman's physiology can threaten the lives of the mother and the baby. The main things that physicians and other healthcare personnel should do during follow-up during pregnancy are to determine the normal changes that may occur during pregnancy, to detect medical and pathological conditions early and to minimize these effects. During this period, called the prenatal period, health problems that may occur in the expectant mother should be detected and treated. Care during pregnancy should ensure that the mother has a healthy and complication-free pregnancy, a healthy birth and the birth of a healthy baby. In addition, informing the expectant mother about pregnancy care is one of the most important goals of this period.
Pre-pregnancy counseling should cover all women considering pregnancy, not just those with a pre-existing medical disease. It is aimed to improve pregnancy outcomes by investigating and optimizing the medical, social and genetic conditions of the expectant mother before pregnancy. Pre-pregnancy interview; It includes risk assessment and recommendations such as nutrition, exercise and lifestyle changes. The expectant mother should be questioned about systemic diseases, diabetes, hypertension, epilepsy, heart diseases, varicose veins and vascular occlusion, kidney and liver diseases, goiter disorders should be examined, infections that may affect pregnancy should be investigated, and necessary examinations, treatment and guidance should be made.
The genetic characteristics of the expectant mother should be questioned and familial diseases should be taken into consideration. The woman's age, weight, previous pregnancy and birth history, if any, should be taken in detail, and if she does not know, her blood group should be determined.
The expectant mother and her partner's work environment and hours are potential sources of stress and the use of tobacco, alcohol and illegal drugs, heavy metals and should be questioned in terms of contact with organic solvents.
The recommended weight gain during pregnancy is 12.5-18 kg for underweight women, 11.5-16 kg for normal weight women, 7-11 kg for overweight women. 5 kg. is up to see this Women who will become pregnant should be advised to reach their ideal weight.
All women planning pregnancy should consume 400 micrograms in the 12 weeks before pregnancy and in the first 3 months of pregnancy. Taking folic acid is a practice accepted all over the world. This dose is 1200 microgr for women who have epilepsy and who have given birth to a baby with neural tube defects in their history. It should be used throughout the pregnancy.
Healthy pregnancy is essential for healthy societies, and it is possible to achieve a healthy pregnancy by pre-pregnancy examination and optimal preparation of the woman for pregnancy. Therefore, it would be beneficial for all expectant mothers to see an obstetrician at least 3 months before their planned pregnancy.
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