The main feature of feeding and eating disorders is that the person perceives himself as fat - even if he is thin - and makes excessive efforts not to gain weight. Like many other behaviors, this behavior can be dangerous or even fatal when overdone. Nutrition and eating disorders have subheadings. The first of these is;
ANOREXIA NERVOSA
WHAT IS ANOREXIA NERVOSA?
Anorexia nervosa is the extreme fear and anxiety that a person experiences about gaining weight. In order to cope with this anxiety, they reduce eating significantly.They have a false self-perception that they are overweight.
Social environment, friend and family relationships, perfectionist personality structure, confidence Its incidence is higher in adolescence, which is the period when criteria such as scarcity, anxiety, and dissatisfaction with body image are most intensely experienced. Anorexia nervosa affects less than 1% of the female population. For men, this rate is one third of the rate for women. It is common in adolescents and young adults who are involved in jobs that require keeping the body under control, such as ballet, modelling, gymnastics (women) or jockeys and long-distance runners (men).
WHAT ARE THE SYMPTOMS OF ANOREXIA NERVOSA?
Due to the distorted self-perception of being overweight, the person seriously reduces eating and engages in strenuous exercise.Sometimes purging and vomiting are also observed.Anorexia nervosa can lead to serious health problems. There may be abnormal vital signs such as slow heartbeat, low blood pressure, as well as abnormal laboratory and test results such as anemia, decreased bone density, and change in EBC. Although two-thirds of the patients in the overall sample improved within 5 years, the death rate (due to substance abuse, suicide, and malnutrition) was 6 times higher than in the general population.
BULIMIA NERVOSA
WHAT IS BULIMIA NERVOSA?
When eating in daily life, ordinary people enjoy the food and eat slowly.People diagnosed with bulimia nervosa generally eat more than normal meals faster due to stress and depression. take back the meal they ate These people usually eat alone because they are aware of their uncontrolled behavior. Similar to people diagnosed with anorexia nervosa, patients with bulimia nervosa are extremely concerned with their appearance and how their bodies look. However, they do not have a distorted body perception of themselves as being overweight, like people diagnosed with anorexia.
WHAT IS THE FREQUENCY OF BULIMIA NERVOSA?
Bulimia nervosa is more common than anorexia. While it affects 1-2% of adult women, it is less common in men. Again, like anorexia, it is more common in people with professions such as gymnastics, dancing and modeling. Problems related to impulse control and substance use, especially mood and anxiety disorders, are co-morbidities of bulimia nervosa patients.
Half of the individuals diagnosed with bulimia nervosa fully recover over time. While one quarter showed improvement, other individuals evolved into chronic bulimic behavior. The death rate is lower than anorexia nervosa. However, the suicide rate is higher in bulimia nervosa than in the general population.
TREATMENT IN ANOREXIA NERVOSA AND BULIMIA NERVOSA
Since anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa are fatal diseases, their treatment is very difficult. In anorexia, the person does not accept that he is in danger, and in bulimia, the person does not accept treatment because he is afraid that he will gain weight again if he receives treatment. These wrong beliefs are the reasons that make treatment difficult. Healthier results are obtained when medical methods, psychological counseling and nutritional therapy are carried out together. The patient should first be made to accept regular eating habits and a healthy diet. Then, it focuses on the underlying causes of the individual's false beliefs with psychotherapeutic methods. The treatment period may extend from several months to several years. Another problem is that it can be repeated after treatment.
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