Stubborn Children Oppositional Defiant Disorder

Symptoms of Oppositional Defiant Disorder

• Frequently gets angry (grumpy).

• Frequently gets into arguments with adults.

• Often actively disobeys or refuses to comply with adults' wishes or rules.

• He often does things willingly that annoy others.

• He often blames others for his own mischief.

• He often blames others for his own mischief. He is touchy, easily offended or easily angered by others.

• He is often resentful, angry and resentful.

• He is often vindictive and He/she wants to take revenge.

Your child may have conduct problems in childhood and adolescence, such as anger, non-compliance with rules, frequent arguments with adults, serious rule violations, physical aggression, lying. If you are experiencing conduct disorder accompanied by more severe behavioral problems such as: If people around you generally call your child a stubborn child, he or she may be suffering from Oppositional Defiant Disorder. In DSM IV-TR, they were classified as "attention deficit and disruptive behavior disorders" under the heading "disorders that are usually first diagnosed in infancy, childhood or adolescence". Oppositional Defiant Disorder (ODD) is a pattern of behavior in which there are no significant violations of social rules or the rights of others, but a persistently negative, hostile and defiant attitude. Although they cause discomfort to people around them, children with ODD do not "consciously and deliberately" harm property or life, and this is the most important difference between them and children with Conduct Disorder.

 

In neurobiological studies, increased serotonin It is stated that the change in steroid levels may be associated with aggressive behavior. Research indicates that children with ODD show more insecure attachment to their parents. It is also emphasized that children who experience negative life events in their childhood may develop a hostile behavioral pattern in later years. family interest Negative living conditions such as unemployment, weak family ties, domestic violence, and child abuse also play a big role in this. As a result, oppositional defiant disorder is a disorder that can be explained with the concept of multiple etiology, with the joint role of environmental, biological, genetic and social factors.

 

ODD can begin as early as the age of three. It is seen especially between the ages of 6-8 and does not usually start until after adolescence. Although there is no specific etiological factor underlying ODD, data obtained from current research support that ODD is seen as a combination of a structurally difficult temperament and negative parental attitudes. Attention deficit mobility disorder is the most common disorder accompanying oppositional defiant disorder. 40-60% of children with SCD have ADHD; COD is seen in 40-70% of children with ADHD.

 

Children diagnosed with oppositional defiant disorder have an increased risk of showing symptoms of destructive behavior in the future. Chronic oppositional disorder almost always causes impairment in interpersonal relationships and school performance. Secondary to these difficulties, low self-esteem, inability to tolerate frustration, depressed mood and outbursts of anger are observed. Adolescents may use alcohol and drugs. Conduct disorder or mood disorder usually develops with this disease.

 

Approximately one quarter of children with this diagnosis no longer meet the diagnosis within the next few years. The primary treatment for oppositional defiant disorder is individual psychotherapy of the child, together with counseling and direct training of parents in child management skills. Parental management training and child problem-solving skills training stand out among the interventions for children with oppositional defiant disorder. Parental management training focuses on coping with negative behavior and strengthening parent skills that will help develop desired behavior. Education of the child attempts to teach the postponement of impulsive reactions, alternative solutions, consideration of the consequences of choices made, and self-evaluation of behavior. A specific disease of ODD There is no evidence that it should be supported by c

treatment, but in the presence of comorbidity, appropriate pharmacotherapy should be selected.

 

When considered in terms of family functions; behavior control; It is the family's way of setting standards and providing discipline for the behavior of its members. In behavioral control, family communication, showing interest, and problem-solving ability are also important. It suggests that behavioral problems in children may cause difficulties in these areas. It is emphasized that negative communication between parent and child is important in the emergence of ODD in children with ADHD. One of the most important results found in the research of Çakalöz et al.; It is shown that children with ADHD accompanied by ODD, who do not have mental retardation and have never received treatment, have problems in family functions.

 

Although there have been significant developments in this field in the last 10 years. ; The impact of oppositional symptoms that may accompany Disruptive Conduct Disorder on the course of the disorder and treatment responses is still open to debate. Defiant and criminal behavior; It becomes increasingly clear that there are different situations. However; Basically, it is a sign of aggression; It is not yet clear whether it is a part of oppositional defiant disorder or a component of conduct disorder. Adjustments in diagnostic criteria; It has changed the assessment of Disruptive Conduct Disorder and the distribution of socio-demographic data. Predictive factors such as age of onset, gender, and aggression component; It reveals the existence of subgroups with different trends. Psychiatric diagnoses such as ADHD, mood and anxiety disorders may be comorbid with ODD and Conduct Disorder.

 

Suggestions for parents;

 

• Children's positive behavior should be reinforced.

• One should be calm and patient with the child's aggressive and hostile behavior.

• Rules within the family should be established and they should not be treated too harshly and rigidly during the implementation phase. The child should not be scolded for his behavior, the reason for his behavior should be understood. It should be tried to be tried. One should not argue with the child; one should wait for the child to calm down before talking about the disturbing behavior and then express it in an uncontroversial environment.

• The child should not be allowed to do what he wants with angry and aggressive behavior.

• Behavior should be paid attention to because the child takes his parents as an example.

 

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