In modern times, the risk of suffering from various diseases such as insulin resistance, heart diseases and fatty liver increases due to the consumption of products harmful to the body and the decrease in the demand for physical activity. Fatty liver, which can be seen in one quarter of people in Turkey, occurs when the liver produces and stores excess fat.
Small fat vesicles form in the liver cells, which produce and store large amounts of fat for various reasons. Fatty liver does not show significant symptoms in the early stages, but it can cause liver damage in the advanced stages.
Fatty liver may be seen in an abdominal ultrasound examination performed for any reason. This may worry you.
From the perspective of gastroenterologists (scientific experts who deal with the digestive system), fatty liver is important because it can progress with simple fatty tissue, but also with progressive liver damage and even cirrhosis. In this case, when you consult the relevant specialists, it is investigated whether the condition is related to another disease.
In case it occurs together with other diseases, it is necessary to focus on the treatment of the disease. It may be associated with systemic diseases such as obesity, Type 2 Diabetes, cholesterol, storage disease and viral hepatitis, and the drugs used may cause fatty liver.
Alcoholic fatty liver and alcohol-related fatty liver. It is divided into 2 as non-fatty liver.
Alcoholic Fatty Liver: It is fatty liver caused by excessive alcohol intake.
Non-alcoholic fatty liver: This condition; Inflammation resulting from fatty liver is inflammation of the liver caused by fatty liver, which is associated with cirrhosis, which we call the death of liver cells and advanced damage to the liver.
Causes of acute fatty liver: Acute Fatty Liver of Pregnancy, diseases that cause permanent damage to the liver and brain, alcohol and cigarette use, rapid weight gain and loss, some constantly used medications, sedentary life, Irregular lifestyle and some poisonous substances, which we call toxins, are shown.& nbsp;
Causes of chronic fatness: A surgical weight loss procedure in which the entire small intestine, between 30 cm and 45 cm, is separated and placed to the side, to alleviate alcoholism, obesity, diabetes, cholesterol and morbid obesity. Long-term inadequate or excessive intake of one or more food items or long-term unbalanced food intake, intravenous feeding, chronic hepatitis C (causing damage to the liver as a result of long-term inflammation, resulting in cirrhosis and liver failure over time.) Wilson's disease, which is an abnormal copper metabolism that causes too much copper to be stored in the liver and brain. disease, diseases involving inflammation in the intestines, and AIDS (sexually transmitted disease).
SOURCE OF THE DISEASE
Although the cause of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease is still not fully known, both environmental and genetic factors It is thought to occur as a combination of many factors.
With the deterioration of liver functions, dysfunction occurs. Despite excessive fat intake, liver functions deteriorate. It is thought that the imbalance resulting from the excretion of fat in the blood and the inability to break down fats by the body causes fatty deposits in the liver cells.
The first blow in the disease process that results in fatness is insulin resistance, that is, the cells in the muscles, fat and liver of the human body do not respond correctly to insulin (the hormone that lowers blood sugar). And it also means predisposition to diabetes.
The following are seen in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease:
Only fat storage
Inflammation in addition to fat storage
The inflammation that begins in addition to fat storage is followed by increasingly severe inflammation and ballooning in the liver cells.
If this process continues, cirrhosis and the resulting liver failure will occur.
Causes of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease:
OBESITY: Unbalanced, irregular and wrong nutrition and with a lifestyle without physical activity, the nutrients we take into our body begin to be stored in the form of fat. And accordingly, there is an increase in fat in the liver cells. Most patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease have obesity. And obesity status is in direct proportion to the disease.
ALCOHOL USE: A day, more than 60 grams of alcohol in men and less than 20-40 grams in women. fatty liver may develop in more than 90% of people who consume /strong>.
DIABETES: We see high levels of insulin due to insulin resistance, which is generally known as hidden sugar from our environment. As we know in blood sugar or diabetes, when blood sugar rises uncontrollably, fat production in the body increases.
HIGH CHOLESTEROL: The increase in bad cholesterol in the blood, which is harmful to our body, causes an increase in the amount of fat. It is high in 20-80% of patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease.
LIVER INFECTIONS: As a result of damage to the liver cells, these cells are replaced by fatty tissues.
FAST WEIGHT LOSS IN CASE OF OBESITY: Sudden, uncontrolled rapid weight loss accelerates the increase in fat in the body.
SOME MEDICATIONS
LIVER INFECTIONS
FAMILY RELATED DISEASES
Liver Other causes of fat are;
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Hypertension
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Pregnancy
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Hormonal diseases
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Some bacteria and viruses.
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Sudden weight loss and gain
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It can be considered as the continuation of high triglyceride level.
NUTRITION
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Consumption of extra sugar should be reduced.
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A Diet Rich in Vitamin E Should Be Provided and If Necessary Vitamin E Supplementation can be done when necessary.
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Vitamin D and zinc deficiency may be a risk factor.
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Controlled weight loss and fatty liver. It is therapeutic for the patient.
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A diet with plenty of fiber should be consumed.
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In general, the diet should be sufficient in vitamins and minerals.
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Alcohol and cigarettes should be avoided as much as possible.
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Fluid intake should be increased.
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Less It should be fed little and often. (6 meals)
TREATMENT:
Fatty liver, liver damage that negatively affects life It is a disease that is accepted as the beginning and needs to be treated. Because untreated fatty liver may damage liver function and pave the way for the formation of liver cirrhosis.
When the disease is treated, it should be evaluated taking into account the risk of progression to cirrhosis and cancer.
When the disease that causes fatty liver is treated. Since the underlying problem will disappear, fatty liver will also disappear. Therefore, the treatment of fatty liver is based on the elimination of possible factors that cause fatty liver.
Once patients with obesity lose weight, reduce high triglyceride levels, and control diabetes, fatty liver decreases and disappears over time. Exercise and diet are important in the treatment of fatty liver.
Instead of immediately resorting to medication, diet and exercise should be used first.
Even if drug treatment is to be started, the degree of obesity, diabetes and cholesterol levels that play a role in the progression of the person's disease. should be evaluated accordingly. However, a specific drug for the treatment of fatty liver has not yet been determined.
Insulin resistance has an important place in non-alcoholic liver disease. If medication is to be used, the target should be insulin resistance.
Weight loss and controlled physical activity must be added.
With a personalized nutrition program, all the vitamins, minerals and nutrients the body needs can be given.
While preparing the diet list, the dietician first It learns about chronic and mental health problems and determines the most appropriate personalized nutrition program according to this data. For treatment, help should be sought from Clinical Dietitians who are experts in their field.
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