Aneurysm is a general medical term describing pathological enlargements in the form of bubbles in the walls of the arteries. Cerebral arteries and aorta are the most common sites of aneurysms. Aneurysms are classified according to their morphology as saccular and fusiform. Aneurysms that originate from a certain point of the vessel wall and have a relatively round shape are called saccular aneurysms. Aneurysms that form a “spindle” enlargement in the vessel wall are defined as fusiform aneurysms. The wall structure of a true aneurysm includes all the layers that make up the normal arterial wall (intima, media, and adventitia). False or pseudo-aneurysms occur as a result of rupture in the vessel wall and all vascular layers are absent in the false aneurysm wall.
It is characteristic that they usually bleed in the spring and are diagnosed. However, they can appear at any time of the year. The rupture of brain aneurysms causes bleeding within the space between the brain and the meninges (subarachnoid space). This type of brain hemorrhage is called "subarachnoid hemorrhage" (SAH). Unfortunately, most brain aneurysms do not show symptoms before they burst. In a significant proportion of patients with aneurysm in the cerebral artery, the diagnosis of aneurysm is made incidentally as a result of tests such as magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), computerized tomography (CT) performed to investigate complaints not related to aneurysm. However, especially large-sized aneurysms may cause complaints and findings such as headache, pain behind the eye, nausea-vomiting, droopy eyelid, double or blurred vision. Most common in patients with subarachnoid hemorrhage due to aneurysm. The complaint is a sudden onset of severe headache. The majority of patients who have had a suabarachnoid hemorrhage describe this pain as "the most severe headache they have ever experienced" or "as if a knife was stuck in my head". In patients with subarachnoid hemorrhage, besides headache, nausea-vomiting, confusion or loss of consciousness are other common complaints and findings.
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