Since the family is the smallest social institution that makes up society, the path followed by the family regarding the education of the child is very important for the formation of healthy societies. The family's attitude and actions towards education are shaped by the values and norms of the culture in which they live. Every family, whether belonging to rural or urban culture, has a position in society. This social position naturally affects the educational environment of the family. During the basic education period, when the child develops rapidly and develops his personality traits, the family environment has a very important place in terms of education. Family is the place into which a person is born, where he gains his first social experiences and where he takes the first steps necessary for later years. The foundations of children's or individuals' personalities are laid in this family. The learning experiences provided by the family and the models it offers have an important place in the development of positive social behavior and values in the child.
In this respect, the family has a great impact on the child and his life. This interaction begins in the womb. At this stage, the mother's emotional world, whether she wants the child or not, and similar factors are extremely effective on the child in her womb. At this stage, the mother's unhappiness, anger and mental state have an impact on the unborn child. The mother's emotions are transmitted to the child in her womb through the hormones in her body. In this regard, it begins to affect the mother's child while he is still in the womb. This interaction continues to increase after the child is born. Mutual parent-child interaction is a key feature of child development. Parental involvement, parents' self-help abilities, and child-rearing styles are factors that affect parent-child interactions and contribute to early development, transition to school, and the child's future productivity. There are spouses who cannot communicate and interact well. These dissatisfaction can turn into various pathological behaviors and lead to some deteriorations in both spouses and children. However, whether the family is healthy or unhealthy, The influence of external stimuli should also be taken into account. It is a fact that must be accepted that some events occurring within or outside the family, such as illness, death, unemployment, cause some disruptions in family functions, even if temporary. Decreasing or adding roles in the family group, changes in the roles that are essential in people's lives, or having to switch to a role that is not suitable for them, can create some problem areas and increase unhealthy behaviors.
The mental health of the mother is of great importance in the formation of a healthy mother-child relationship. As a result of an unhappy marriage, the mother's inability to receive sufficient attention from her husband, the family's economic difficulties, the father's unwillingness to welcome the birth of the child are factors that increase the mother's tension and therefore damage the mother-child relationship.
Father - Child relationship. :
There are many factors that have changed the concept of being a father and led to increased interest in the role of the father in the child's education. These; Changes in the political, social and economic fields affecting the roles of men and women, the increase in the number of working mothers, and women working outside full time can be listed among these factors.
Fatherhood begins as soon as it is understood that the partner is pregnant. Men develop their father identity by acquiring it during the three-year period that begins with pregnancy and continues after birth. It is important for the father to bond with his child immediately. Because the child's first five years of life are the most important years of his life.
Mother - Child Relationship:
Before the birth of the child, all the burden should be on the mother, and after birth, the burden should be on the mother. The mother's role in raising the child is of great importance as the mother bears responsibility as a child.
In the first year of life, the baby's psycho-social duty is to learn to trust. The sense of trust arising from the relationship between the baby and its mother forms the basis of the interpersonal relationships that a person will establish in the future. The ability of the mother to attend to the baby's needs in a timely and appropriate manner, to relieve the baby's troubles, and to understand the non-verbal language is the mutual understanding and development established between the mother and the baby. It forms the basis of trust.
The most important phase of the mother's relationship with the child is the relationship that begins just before birth and continues in the months after birth. Here, the mother needs support and help from society, especially her husband's support. Physical contact is of great importance in the mother-child relationship. The mother's body odor, temperature, and the way she handles the child are very important in this communication. The failure to realize this close relationship, which should occur especially between the ages of 0-3, is shown to be the cause of some behavioral disorders that may occur in the future. Again, during this period, the "emotional deprivation" resulting from the absence of the mother can cause regression and delay in both mental, emotional and social development...
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