Sexual trauma affects children's lives significantly, causing them to experience fear and anxiety. At the same time, it negatively affects children's inner-self harmony and environment relationship. This leads to changes in both school and daily routine life of children. These changes are; the child's feelings of worthlessness, introversion, inability to get along with parents or friends, disruption of nutrition and sleep patterns, inability to focus on school and school assignments, decrease in school grades, decrease or loss of interest in school activities, not wanting to go to school early and return home, displaying aggressive behaviors, It affects the child's life severely, such as incontinence or sucking his thumb, trying not to make mistakes, showing psychosomatic symptoms such as stomachache and headache, not sharing his feelings and thoughts, being in a state of extreme shame and guilt, inability to make friends, and short-term friendships.
If the child who has experienced sexual trauma does not receive help in this regard, he continues to show negative symptoms in his school and routine life. This leads to a life that leaves deep traces in adulthood. The majority of sexual abuse cases are perpetrated by people the child knows. When the cases are examined in terms of domestic sexual abuse or incest, most of the incidents occur as a result of the mother's referral to a specialist due to behavioral changes in children, but the reporting rate of incidents due to fears such as exclusion, social pressure, family problems, guilt and embarrassment is very low.
According to a study conducted by Polat in 2006, most of the children who have been sexually abused have similar physical, behavioral, sexual and emotional symptoms. Wounds in genital and anal areas, itching, bloody underwear, difficulty in walking and movement, irregularities in heart rhythm, pregnancy situations, etc. physically; sudden and extreme emotional outbursts, truancy from home and school, sleep disorders and nightmares, social withdrawal and emergence of mental disorders, etc. emotional and behavioral; sexually explicit games, sexual identity and dysfunction, avoidance of touching and being touched, excessive masturbation e� Knowledge, strange and unusual sexual knowledge, etc. are sexual symptoms. Child sexual trauma is an important problem that affects children and young people with its physical, emotional, moral and legal processes. Children exposed to trauma are affected in their emotional and behavioral development and are seen in many mental illnesses. The effects of trauma cause the risk of transmission from generation to generation. It is extremely important for the family and the school to be informed about the child's symptoms, and to provide the child with sexual education according to the age category, both in terms of preventing sexual abuse and showing rapid recognition and appropriate approaches. Families and teachers have a great role in increasing the success of the individuals who have experienced sexual trauma or bringing them into school life. It is necessary to increase the self-confidence and self-esteem of the individual. Efforts should be made to acquire positive social behavior. The media should also help raise awareness of the public by making awareness-raising programs in order to prevent child abuse. In addition, psychologists, guide teachers and social workers should be appointed in order to eliminate the damage caused by abuse in children, and the damage caused to the child should be eliminated. After their problems are resolved, the child should be reintegrated into the society, and providing the necessary assistance so that they can continue their education life has a very important place in terms of regaining the children. Such behaviors also negatively affect school success. A student who lacks trust experiences a social distance from his teacher and friends. Insufficient or unwillingness to do so in terms of self-care skills causes difficulties in school life. He does not keep up with the school order and causes him to be ostracized by his friends. All these negative factors negatively affect school success and this situation causes a second destruction for the individual. Child sexual trauma is a major problem worldwide. The incidence may vary according to the education level of the countries. It affects the child's inner self and his relationship with the environment.
Trauma caused by sexual abuse, It spreads over a period of time and becomes the cause of emotional, behavioral and social problems. The abused child does not want to share the incident with anyone and thinks of keeping it to himself, which does not allow him to talk about his past feelings. No matter how much effort is made to suppress and forget the event, active sexual trauma has a negative effect on the physical and spiritual development and life of the person. Since childhood traumas have a long and lasting effect, they also show their traces in adulthood. In order to prevent trauma and abuse experienced in childhood, studies should be increased and widespread. It is thought that providing psycho-education to parents and child care providers about these issues will be very beneficial for children. Since childhood traumas are a big problem both as individuals and as a society, this issue should be emphasized in areas where the whole society is reached, in public institutions and organizations, non-governmental organizations and associations, and institutions with education centers. In addition, it will be beneficial to convey the necessary information about trauma and abuse not only to adults who care for children, but also to children. He thinks that using technological tools to raise awareness about these issues in social media channels and make publications in order to benefit the society can draw attention in order to ensure the importance and seriousness of the situation. It is also of great importance that parents increase their communication with their children and spend time with them. If the child has been subjected to any sexual abuse, it may be beneficial for the parents to tell about the abuse and to get help due to the interest and communication of the parents.
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