Disorders such as tennis elbow (lateral epicondylitis), golfer's elbow (medial epicondylitis), trigger finger, shoulder impingement syndrome, neck pain, low back pain, carpal tunnel syndrome are considered among cumulative trauma disorders.
Cumulative trauma disorders, repetitive They are called variously, such as overuse disorders and repetitive injury disorders. As a result of the industrial revolution, such pathologies increased as working against time came to the fore. Work speed, effectiveness and efficiency are valued more highly than a safe and worker-friendly working environment in many places. When work speed increases and repetitive tasks are performed, tension in the muscles in the hands and arms increases. In addition, increased tension in the muscles increases the biomechanical stress on tendons, joints and nerves. Other factors that are effective in the formation of cumulative trauma disorders include incentive bonuses used to increase productivity and psychological factors such as stress and depression.
In recent years, creating a worker-civil servant friendly environment by equipping the industry with new tools has become important. Ergonomics is the science of the use and design of machines in the work environment. Ergonomic factors are an important reason for the development of cumulative trauma disorders. Therefore, ergonomics needs to be understood in the prevention and treatment of cumulative trauma disorders. Trying only to improve the patient's complaints without modifying the workplace is the main reason for the recurrence of cumulative trauma disorders. Many factors contribute to work-related cumulative trauma disorders, including overexertion, repetitive movements, biomechanical posture, vibration, heat, localized contact stress, and tool use.
Excessive effort in the workplace, direct or indirect In combination with environmental factors such as friction, tool use, gravity and immobility, it causes cumulative trauma disorders. Power requirements may increase depending on the condition of hand-held tools, poor body mechanics, speed of powerful tools, and friction between the worker and the tool. Reasons such as the use of inappropriate and poor quality gloves, impaired sensory feedback, decreased friction between the tool and hand, and reduced power can be harmful. knows. Cumulative trauma to the arms is responsible for the disorder, with high force requirements and the influence of other work-related factors, especially repetitive movements. It is known that cumulative trauma disorder increases with secretarial work such as painting, cutting, using computers, carpentry and activities in the food industry.
Repetitions often lead to cumulative trauma disorder in the arm and hand. Repetition is defined as situations that require repetitive movement of the same muscles and joints or prolonged posture due to work. Strains in soft tissue function can lead to inflammation in the arm and hand tendons, which can lead to pain or limitation of movement. Due to nerve compression, weakness, sensory impairment and pain may occur along the affected nerve distribution. During muscle contraction, that is, during the time the muscle is contracted, local blood flow decreases by 40%, and the oxygen supply of the region decreases rapidly, causing muscle fatigue and pain.
Taking a break of at least 5 minutes every hour, avoiding repetitive grasping movements, and using tools to perform some tasks that require rotation are changes to be made in the workplace. Taking small breaks every 40 minutes in a computerized work environment reduces pain in the wrists, neck and waist.
Low temperature in the workplace can trigger cumulative trauma disorder. It is known that temperatures below 20 degrees slow down the sense of touch, dexterity and circulation. Those working at normal temperatures use approximately 2 kilograms of pressure for every two and a half centimeters of movement to grasp the hammer handle. Those working in cold environments have to use 8 kilos of force to complete the same job. Hands should be protected from cold by using gloves.
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