Meningioma tumors originating from the spinal cord membranes are called spinal meningiomas. They are tumors that originate from the cells of the membranes called the meninges, which are located around the spinal cord (spinal cord). They are usually benign (benign) tumors and tend to grow slowly. It is more common in women than men because the female hormone estrogen and pregnancy have a nourishing effect on meningioma tumors.
Reason: The exact cause of spinal meningiomas is unknown. In some cases, it is thought that genetic factors may play a role. Spinal cord meningiomas are detected more frequently in patients who receive radiotherapy for other reasons. Common symptoms can be:
- Back and neck pain
- Weakness in arms or legs
- Numb or tingling sensation
- Coordination problems
- Problems in bladder or bowel control
Diagnosis The following methods can be used to diagnose spinal meningiomas:
Neurological examination: The doctor will examine the patient's neurological functions and symptoms
Imaging tests: Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is the most widely used method. MRI shows the size of the tumor, its location, and its effect on nerve tissues. may include:
Observation: Small and asymptomatic meningiomas can be kept under close follow-up. Especially in elderly patients (60 and over), small tumors that do not cause any complaints can be observed in the patient. Because the risk of meningiomas growing after the age of 60 is low.
Surgery: Surgical intervention should be performed in order to completely remove the meningiomas that cause loss of feeling and strength in the patient. the location of the tumor (whether in front of or behind the spinal cord) how many levels it has spread and its growth beyond the spinal cord is also included in surgical planning c important in surgical risk assessment. While the surgery of small tumors located behind the spinal cord is simpler, the surgery of tumors located in front of the spinal cord is more complex and usually requires the application of stabilization methods with corpectomy (removal of the vertebra).
Radiotherapy: In small tumors that do not cause complaints, surgical intervention is not possible or complete Radiotherapy can be used when tumor removal cannot be achieved. High-dose radiation therapy can help control the tumor. The methods in which these devices are used are called stereotactic radiosurgery. For small meningiomas, the tumor can be targeted using high-dose radiation therapy. In summary, spinal meningiomas, although generally benign, can cause symptoms depending on their size and location. The treatment approach should be evaluated according to the individual situation and determined by a specialist healthcare team. Since each patient is different, the treatment algorithm should be individualized. The treatment plan may require a multidisciplinary approach and should be guided by a specialist.
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