Psychodrama, in other words, is a spiritual development treatment approach that is carried out by making use of a kind of dramatization or, in other words, spontaneous theatre. There is no written text: the aim is not to entertain or educate the audience by performing a spontaneous theatre. The spontaneous theater seen on stage is only the surface part of a complex process that aims to improve and heal both the actors and the audience spiritually. Anything is possible in psychodrama. I would like to underline the word "everything" here. People can bring some events they have experienced in the past to the psychodrama stage, as well as their dreams, dreams, or even deja-vu experiences or hallucinations about the future. Regardless of what type it is, we have the chance to relive an inner life we have had on the psychodrama stage. Repetition of certain experiences on the psychodrama stage has a healing / therapeutic function. Moreno's view on this function is also interesting. According to him, "Every reality experienced for the second time is salvation from the first." Maybe it would be more clear if we say; If we experience a truth for the second time, we can take that truth under our control. In other words, some events we experience for the first time can take us under their control; But if we experience these events for the second time on the Psychodrama stage, then we take them under our control. A child tries to alleviate his fear by imitating a barking dog that frightens him when he is alone. This is probably how primitive people were in ancient times; They were repeating the natural events and animal behaviors that frightened them, by dancing or similar means, and were trying to control the anxiety they felt about them. In Psychodrama, which is based on a number of theoretical foundations and adorned with various techniques, there is a systematic "reliving" activity. These events organized by psychodrama managers help people achieve catharsis and get rid of some of their burdens. There are certain techniques known in psychodrama; The manager uses them depending on the situation. But Psychodr. In ama, managers do not have to be limited to known techniques; a psychodrama manager can produce and apply a number of activities and techniques other than those known, using his creativity when necessary. The concept/theory of role has a very important place in psychodrama. According to Moreno, roles do not come from me, I come from roles. Again, according to Moreno, role is an interpersonal experience, an integral part of social life; In fact, social life consists of roles.
Psychodrama accepts that psychological phenomena develop on the basis of interpersonal relations, and that they can only develop in more appropriate ways within the network of these and similar relations, and does not leave the field of study only within the clinic but spreads it to every direction where people and communities are located. It is a typical example of contemporary trends.
Although many theories have become obsolete today, psychodrama remains effective and up-to-date. While sociometry continues to exist as a method of understanding and researching the internal dynamics of communities, it also finds areas of use in psychodrama. Moreno, who caught up with Freud's late periods, criticizes him for putting people in a limited laboratory and says that he brought a significant difference by personally participating in their lives, observing, living and correcting them while they were living. After a while, Moreno's group psychotherapy influenced psychoanalysts and psychoanalytic group psychotherapy began to develop. Later, this formation was called group analysis.
Psychodrama, which is the rediscovery of reality through action, takes its source from three important basic characteristics in humans. These are:Action, creativity and spontaneity. Human is an action-oriented being. It is not possible to talk about a still life. Satisfying this need for action depends on the action being sufficient and appropriate, and this is achieved thanks to the creativity of the human being and the spontaneity that allows this creativity to be displayed. Spontaneity is the state of being able to give new and appropriate reactions to new or old situations. The relationship between spontaneity and creativity finds its meaning in Moreno's analogy: "If one is spontaneous and creative If not, this samurai is like a peasant carrying a sword; He can even cut himself because he doesn't know how to use the sword. If one is creative but not spontaneous, it is like a samurai warrior without a sword; "Without the sword, what they know is of no use." Psychodrama aims to capture the limits of human creativity and spontaneity and to meet the need for action at this point. Psychodrama is perhaps the group psychotherapy with the most advanced field of application among group psychotherapies. It has a wide spectrum ranging from treatment to education, from industrial psychology to theatre. It finds its own areas of application in it. It is fast by nature. It is witnessed that many important studies fit into a few hours. Empathy, tele and transference, which are the three basic ways of establishing relationships, show their presence in all relationships. Tele: Integration between people, that is, Moreno's socialization creative collaboration is "love and togetherness". However, as a comprehensive form of relationship, the struggle based on mutual real reasons should also be included in this type of relationship. Moreno calls the form of relationship between two or more people the tele process. Tele mutually for a moment It means being able to experience the inner world of the other person and how he/she feels at that moment and, depending on the situation, the living conditions of that person. Thus, tele is not a one-way empathy, but an encounter of inner worlds. Psychodrama is the analysis of transferences, which are unhealthy relationships (Transference: It is a form of interpersonal relationship that is not fully based on reality. When a person enters into a relationship with another person through emotional transference, this person is no longer a person with his own reality for him, but rather the unconscious of the other person. It appears as the carrier of desires and memories. This is called transferase.) In response, it aims to develop telemetry and empathy, which are healthy forms of relationship building. While doing all this, it uses numerous warm-up techniques and auxiliary techniques and three indispensable basic techniques.
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