4-Dimensional Ultrasound
When pregnancy is detected for the first time, that is, the first ultrasound examination in the early pregnancy period is indispensable. Because during this period, the definitive diagnosis of pregnancy is made, the pregnancy is inside the uterus (thereby eliminating ectopic pregnancies), observing the baby's heartbeat (determining that the baby is alive), determining the gestational week by measuring the baby's height, and detecting multiple pregnancies such as twins and triplets by determining the number of babies. . Again, at the end of the first three months of pregnancy (at 11-13 weeks), an ultrasound examination is required to allow for a double screening test with the baby's height, nuchal translucency measurement, nasal bone presence, heart valve function with Doppler, and venous Doppler measurement of the baby's veins. If necessary, the baby's head, brain, heart, abdominal internal organs, hands and feet can also be evaluated in early pregnancy periods. Detailed ultrasound or detailed ultrasound or advanced (second level) ultrasound have the same meaning. In fact, all of these definitions are detailed examinations of all systems and organs of the baby that can be examined with ultrasound. Apart from this, the examination method called 3- or 4-dimensional ultrasound does not have the same meaning, but is often thought to be the same among the public. Detailed ultrasound examination of the baby is performed in 2 dimensions. In addition, 3- and 4-dimensional ultrasound can be used to show the family the baby's face, hands and feet in 4 dimensions in the same examination. What is important in detailed ultrasound examination is not whether the ultrasound device is 3 or 4 dimensional; It is the evaluation of a detailed ultrasound examination by an experienced specialist.
In normal pregnancy follow-up, a fetal ultrasound examination is performed between 18-23 weeks of pregnancy. This examination is performed in every pregnancy to investigate the presence of a congenital defect (anomaly) in the baby. If no anomaly is detected, routine pregnancy follow-up continues. However, if an anomaly is detected, the family is informed about this issue and a detailed ultrasound examination of the fetus is performed again by specialist physicians (perinatology specialist) and, if necessary, invasive procedures are performed to investigate the situation.
Detailed ultrasound examination can be performed between 18-23 weeks of pregnancy and the examination is performed. It takes approximately 20-40 minutes. His baby If an evaluation cannot be made due to the position of the patient or if there is any doubt, the ultrasound examination is performed again in approximately one week. However, if no suspicion or risk is detected, it is normally done once during pregnancy and does not need to be done again.
Detailed ultrasound examination examines the baby's head bones, brain, face, spine, inside of the rib cage, heart, abdominal organs, stomach, intestines, kidneys, arms. - Legs (including hands and feet) and organs that can be examined with ultrasound are examined in detail. In addition, the baby's fluid, placenta (baby's partner) and cervical length are also evaluated. If necessary, the heart is evaluated by fetal echocardiography between 20-22 weeks of pregnancy.
Even if detailed ultrasound examination is performed by the most experienced specialists in the best centers, it can never detect 100% of the anomalies in the baby. Anomalies can be detected in an average of 60-80%. Because some anomalies do not cause symptoms that can be detected on ultrasound, some anomalies may develop in later months after ultrasound. Normally, approximately 2-3% of all pregnancies have major congenital anomalies.
There is no fasting or fullness requirement for ultrasound in pregnant women. However, it is useful for the pregnant woman to bring files such as previous ultrasound and examination results (such as double or triple/quadruple screening test) and pregnancy follow-up form with her.
With 4D ultrasound, a miracle of technology, it is possible for the baby to be born in the mother's womb. It is possible to monitor simultaneous movements. By adding the time factor to the images taken in 3D ultrasound, movements become visible and this is called 4D ultrasound. 4D ultrasound devices have two-dimensional examination features as well as color Doppler and 3D features. Essentially, 3 or 4 dimensional ultrasound is not a method that will make the use of classical 2 dimensional ultrasound unnecessary. However, it provides an advantage in some cases that are difficult to detect with classical ultrasound or require experience. It is especially advantageous in examining the external structure of the baby (cleft lip, seeing some detailed anomalies in the arms and legs, neural tube defects).
Although 4-dimensional ultrasound is not essential during pregnancy, one of its most important advantages is that it allows expectant mothers and fathers to see the real life of their unborn babies. g The emotional bonds that are normally expected to be established after birth are formed before they see the baby's appearance. In order to obtain an image with 4D ultrasound during pregnancy, there must be a sufficient amount of amniotic fluid in front of the part we want to examine, and the part to be examined, such as the baby's face, must be facing us. If an image cannot be obtained due to the baby's position, performing the examination after a while allows the appropriate position to be obtained and the necessary images can be obtained.
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