Polycystic ovary syndrome is one of the most common gynecological diseases; It is an endocrine disorder characterized by hyperandronogism, menstrual irregularity, insulin resistance, infertility and obesity. There is a strong connection between obesity and PCOS, and an improvement in hormone levels is achieved with a loss of 5%-10% in body weight.
It is known that if the general eating habits and lifestyle of women with PCOS are not changed in support of medical treatment and the excess body fat weight is not reduced, the complications of the disease cannot be prevented for a long time. Therefore, nutritional treatment in addition to medical treatment is very important.
PCOS. In order to ensure blood glucose control in the United States, 50-60% of the daily energy need should be provided from carbohydrates. This carbohydrate preference should be in favor of carbohydrates with a low glycemic index. White flour, simple sugar, pastries and desserts, ready-packaged products and foods with a high glycemic index. Consumption of fruit juices should be limited.
The high protein content of the diet provides satiety, increases insulin sensitivity and improves reproductive and endocrine functions. However, more research is needed on the use of high-protein diets in PCOS. 15-20% of daily energy intake should be provided from protein. Eggs, cheese, meat, fish, chicken, legumes, milk and yoghurt can be preferred in appropriate portions as protein sources.
25-30% of the total energy of the diet comes from fat, and 10% of this comes from fat. Less than 15% should come from saturated fats. It is recommended to additionally take omega-3 fatty acids, which are rich in polyunsaturated fatty acids, in patients with PCOS. Increasing polyunsaturated fatty acids in the diet reduces insulin resistance and prevents uncontrolled insulin release. This also reduces androgen release. More than 2% of daily energy intake is in trans fatty acids Since the risk of infertility increases in case of pregnancy, trans fat intake should be avoided.
In the nutritional treatment of PCOS, vegetables, fruits and whole grain foods, which are sources of fiber, should be included more. Additionally, smoking should be avoided and if alcohol is used, it should be reduced.
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