Hip dislocation in infants describes a problem with joint structures in this area. The source of this problem may be the ball-shaped head structure where the thigh bone articulates with the hip, or the surface where this bone, called the acetabulum, is placed. In the past, this condition, which was defined as congenital (congenital) hip dislocation, is now called developmental hip dysplasia. You can read the rest of our article for other questions about hip dislocation in infants.
What is Hip Dislocation in Infants?
Hip dislocation in infants, called hip dysplasia, is caused by the dislocation of the hip in the upper part of the thigh bone. Defines situations where it is not completely surrounded by its slot. A partial or complete dislocation of the hip occurs as a result of the joint area not being in harmony. The majority of babies with hip dislocation are born with this disorder. Since hip dislocation detected in the neonatal period can be corrected by using soft braces, it is very important to be conscious about this.
What Causes Hip Dislocation in Babies?
Although hip dislocation is more common in girls than boys, it should be kept in mind that hip dislocation can occur in any baby. For this reason, physicians routinely examine the hip joint of babies with various methods starting from the neonatal period. Although it is not an easy diagnosis to determine the underlying cause of hip dislocation, it is thought that various factors may be effective in the emergence of this condition. This condition, which is more common in first girl births in general, can be seen in four of every thousand newborn children. Some of the conditions that increase the risk of hip dislocation in babies are as follows:
- Foundation of other individuals with a family history of hip dislocation
- Breastborn babies
- In the womb Babies with problems with implantation
- Intrauterine fluid deficiency called oligohydramnios
What are the Symptoms of Hip Dislocation in Babies?
Some babies with hip dislocation may not have any complaints. Various symptoms that may occur in some babies are as follows:
- Positionally outward-facing legs
- Different in length between the legs
- Decreased joint range of motion
- Uneven folds observed when the legs are raised upwards
- Related motor skills such as sitting, crawling and walking
Does Baby with Hip Dislocation Cry? ?
Babies generally communicate all through crying. Therefore, there is no specific relationship between crying and hip dislocation.
How Does a Baby with Hip Dislocation Walk?
The gait of a baby with hip dislocation may vary depending on how old he is. In general, one of the first signs to be noticed in babies who are at walking age is that one leg is longer than the other when the baby is standing. A limp usually occurs when a baby with hip dislocation starts walking.
Does Hip Dislocation Cause Pain in Babies?
Pain in hip dislocation is a complaint that manifests itself in adolescence, especially if it is not controlled in infancy. If hip dislocation is not intervened until adolescence and young adulthood, it should be conscious as very painful complications such as osteoarthritis (calcification) can develop.
How to Diagnose Hip Dislocation in Babies?
It is a condition that can be detected during regular checks. The presence of a finding interpreted as a “click” in the hip, especially during the first examinations, can inform the physicians whether the hip joint develops normally or not. Bar These tests, called low and Ortolani tests, enable the evaluation of the functions of the hip joint. Since the development of the joint structures in this region does not occur normally in babies with hip dislocation, it is determined that the hip can move freely in and out of the joint area during movement. In the Barlow and Ortolani tests, an abnormality that can be felt as a click in the hip that goes out of the normal position can be detected. In the application of the Ortolani test, physicians apply an outward movement maneuver called abduction to the baby's legs. In the Barlow test, on the other hand, a maneuver called adduction is applied to push the legs towards the body. It should be noted that Ortolani and Barlow tests are only effective in children younger than 3 months. is not happening. For this reason, it is not possible to obtain an image that will enable the detection of any bone abnormality in the X-RAY X-rays to be taken in individuals in the neonatal period. Physicians can obtain information about the position and surface of the joint in the hip joint, which is examined with the ultrasound values of hip dislocation in infants. During the examinations, the round surface of the bone that joins the joint can be detected differently from the normal, and it can also be determined that the surface of the hip bone on which this structure sits is shallower than normal. Ultrasonography is a very useful examination method in hip dislocation cases since it is also used to determine how the treatment process progresses apart from diagnosis.
How is the Treatment of Hip Dislocation in Babies?
Early detection of hip dislocation and initiation of treatment in a short time are very important issues. The treatment of hip dislocation in babies may vary according to the age of the baby and the problem in the joint area. In neonatal hip dislocation, soft braces called Pavlik cloths are usually used. These glands are rounded over a period of several months. It ensures tight contact between the joint socket and its microstructure. Thanks to this interaction, the compatibility of joint structures with each other can be increased. These braces may not be beneficial for children older than 6 months. Instead of double diaper Pavlik bandage applications in infants with hip dislocation, the preferred diaper in this age group is applied to cover the whole body. In cases where the problem cannot be solved by bandage, surgical correction methods may come to the fore. According to factors such as the severity of the condition and how early the treatment is started, an efficiency of 80-95% can be obtained from Pavlik bandage applications. The success rates of surgical treatment interventions are quite variable. In some cases, a single hip dislocation surgery can be corrected, while in some cases multiple operations and years of observation may be required. In cases that are not detected and treated in the early period, care should be taken as problems such as severe pain and joint inflammation may occur later in life.
Which Department deals with Hip Dislocation in Babies?
Orthopedics The word “orthos” and “paedia” have Latin origins, meaning beautiful (proper, corrected) and child, respectively. Therefore, as in other bone and joint pathologies, the orthopedics department looks at hip dislocation in infants. For this reason, if you observe the signs and symptoms of this condition in your baby or in the children around you, it is recommended that you apply to health institutions and get support from specialist physicians.
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