Insulin is the hormone that allows sugar (glucose) in the blood, secreted from the pancreas, to enter the cells. It is secreted to balance blood sugar, which rises especially after meals. Insulin acts as a key for glucose to enter the cell, thus providing energy to the cells in our body.
In some cases, cells become insensitive to insulin (here many mechanisms can be disrupted). The decreased response to insulin prevents blood sugar from balancing. Since not enough glucose enters the cells through insulin, the energy need cannot be met. For these reasons, the pancreas secretes more insulin.
HOW DOES INSULIN RESISTANCE OCCUR?
Insulin resistance often occurs with an increase in fat in the body in parallel with unhealthy nutrition. Some individuals argue that they gain weight because they are insulin resistant, but this is the opposite.
Deposition of fat, especially in the abdominal fat tissue (waist circumference), contributes greatly to the development of insulin resistance. Because the fat cells in this area are more insensitive to insulin.
In addition to unhealthy nutrition, sedentary life, alcohol and cigarette use also trigger insulin resistance.
Poor diet even if the person is at a normal body weight. Insulin resistance may develop due to genetic reasons.
Insulin resistance may develop due to genetic reasons.
INSULIN RESISTANCE SYMPTOMS
-Physical Fatigue
-Brain fatigue
-Feeling of heaviness after a heavy meal, after eating a sugary food, Sleepiness
-Depression
-Weight Gain ( especially the increasing waist circumference)
-Neurological Findings
-Hyperglycemia
-Hyperinsulinemia
-Hypertension
-Acanthosis Nigricans (browning in the armpit-groin-neck areas)
-Sweating
-Insatiability, constant desire to eat
-Menstrual irregularity in women
DISEASES WITH INSULIN RESISTANCE
-Type 2 Diabetes
-Obesity
-Hypertension
-Dyslipidemia
-Cardiovascular Diseases
-Internal Organ Fat
-Cancer
-Depression
-Sleep Apnea
-Alzheimer
-PCOS
DIAGNOSIS
Physicians first take the person's medical history and perform a physical examination. When evaluating the metabolic status related to insulin resistance; It can perform fasting blood sugar, HbA1c, and OGTT (oral glucose tolerance test) when necessary.
HOMA-IR, which is used as the insulin resistance calculation criterion, is calculated with fasting blood sugar and insulin values. Apart from all these, your physician may request different tests.
As a result of the evaluation, your physician will;
Medication + Healthy nutrition therapy + Physical activity
OR
Nutritional therapy + Physical activity
May recommend.
Medical nutritional therapy is essential for individuals diagnosed with insulin resistance, with or without drug therapy. Reducing fat around the waist area and organs will help break insulin resistance.
PREVENTION
It is possible to prevent Insulin Resistance with sustainable eating habits and a more active life. While trying to adapt these to your life, the important thing is to make them a part of your life rather than making quick-sudden changes and expecting quick results. Changing your eating habits can take time. Proceed in a controlled manner, with confident steps, based on a healthy diet.
If you are diagnosed with insulin resistance or prediabetes, take precautions today.
MEDICAL NUTRITION TREATMENT FOR INSULIN RESISTANCE
-Permanent lifestyle change is essential. Medical nutrition therapy, a more active life and being able to adapt these to life in a sustainable way are very important. Because when you continue these for a while and say, "Okay, I have broken my insulin resistance now, I can return to my old eating habits, unfortunately, it is inevitable to go back to square one." Therefore, sustainability is a priority.
-Medical nutrition treatment of the individual; It should be determined according to age, gender, amount of physical activity and lifestyle. A sustainable, delicious nutrition program should be created.
-The diet should include all nutritional elements and avoid overly restrictive, low-calorie, unsustainable diets. should be avoided.
-Daily energy intake should be calculated according to the individual (what weight does the individual weigh? How much weight does he need to lose? What is his age? How many minutes of physical activity can he do per week? The path should be determined according to the answers to these questions). Weekly weight loss should be monitored (it will vary from individual to individual).
-Individuals diagnosed with insulin resistance should not stay hungry for very long hours and should be fed regularly and at certain intervals (4-6 meals; will vary depending on the individual).
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