The larynx is located in the midline of the neck and is the basic organ of our speech and respiratory functions. The larynx, consisting of cartilages, muscles and mucosa, is anatomically divided into 3 regions. Laryngitis is generally affected in all three regions. Acute laryngitis is, by definition, inflammation of the larynx due to infectious causes. The most common causative agent is viruses. Laryngitis occurs in 20-25% of upper respiratory tract infections.
What are the symptoms of acute laryngitis?
The main symptom is hoarseness. Hoarseness is one of the most important complaints ignored in our society. Hoarseness is an important symptom that should be evaluated by a specialist physician. The voice problem seen in laryngitis is usually in the form of bifurcation and accompanying almost complete hoarseness. Edema due to infection is the cause of hoarseness. Cough is another important complaint. The pain appears frequently and is in the form of a widespread sore throat.
What are the causes of laryngitis?
The main causes of viral laryngitis are Influenza, Parainfluenza and Rhinoviruses. Isolated laryngitis may occur without involvement of other upper respiratory tract. Bacterial laryngitis is the second most common and clinical symptoms are more severe and systemic effects are more common. Antibiotic therapy and supportive medications are used in the treatment. Rarely, it may present as laryngitis in diseases that were more common in the past, such as whooping cough and diphtheria. A condition called croup, in which the larynx and bronchi are affected together, is frequently seen in children and can cause serious problems if not treated early.
Who gets laryngitis?
Laryngitis can be seen in all age groups. As with other upper respiratory tract diseases, the frequency of laryngitis is higher in smokers. Laryngitis in children is more severe. In those who use their voices professionally, the symptoms will be felt more and will be seen relatively more frequently. It can be contagious like other respiratory infections. Laryngeal diseases can be diagnosed by ENT physicians. Endoscopic examination is the gold standard in the diagnosis phase. More serious diseases that may cause hoarseness can be detected and treated through examination.
How is laryngitis diagnosed?
An anamnesis taken by an ENT physician and a larynx examination are sufficient for diagnosis. If necessary, your physician may rarely perform laboratory tests and radiological imaging.
What is the treatment for laryngitis?
The basis of the treatment is vocal rest and drinking plenty of fluids. Medicines can be used in medical treatment if your doctor deems it appropriate.
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