It is a period that generally occurs after the age of 40 until approximately the age of 55, and ends with menstrual bleeding becoming irregular and then stopping. Menopause means the last menstrual bleeding. He spends approximately one-third of his life with the woman during this period; However, as human lifespan increases, this period also increases. It is considered a natural phase of life. If menopause occurs before the age of 40, it is called early menopause. Menopause can be experienced without any other discomfort other than the necessary symptoms. However, the number of women who go through this period in this way is only a quarter of the women. Some changes that occur during this period can negatively affect a woman's life and pave the way for many diseases. This situation prevents the woman's quality of life and living a happy life.
REASONS OF MENOPAUSE
The causes of menopause are the decrease in estrogen and progesterone hormones, known as female hormones. After the age of 40, the production of these hormones in the ovaries decreases significantly. This causes menopause.
SYMPTOMS OF MENOPAUSE
One of the most striking symptoms is the disruption of menstrual cycle. The amount of bleeding decreases. Since ovulation also decreases, the possibility of getting pregnant is low. Various disorders also occur due to the decrease in estrogen hormone. Night sweats, flushing, palpitations, and facial rashes may occur. However, these symptoms may not be present in all patients. As the menopause progresses, these symptoms begin to decrease after 3-5 years. Additionally, psychological disorders come to the fore during menopause. There may be symptoms such as tension, irritability, and depression. Apart from these, headache and joint pain, lack of sexual desire, and muscle aches may occur. All of these are the classic symptoms of menopause.
DIAGNOSIS OF MENOPAUSE
Menopause is not a situation that occurs suddenly. Changes in the body begin and years later the woman enters menopause. So this transition period lasts about 20 years. At first, ovulation decreases and symptoms such as night sweats, menstrual irregularities, hot flashes and tension, which we listed above as classic symptoms, appear. These complaints increase after a while and menstruation stops. this d If the condition persists for more than 5-6 months, a doctor should be consulted and hormone tests should be performed. Thus, estrogen and FSH hormones are checked. Diagnosis can be made by looking at their levels in the body. Additionally, if menstrual bleeding has not occurred for 1 year, menopause is diagnosed. Not every menstrual irregularity or lack of bleeding is menopause. There may be other underlying causes. Therefore, a doctor should be consulted.
MENOPAUSE TREATMENT
The negative symptoms mentioned above occur due to the decrease in estrogen and progesterone hormones. These hormones are used and replaced in the treatment. Thus, many disorders that will negatively affect the quality of life are corrected or minimized. Depending on the patient's condition, estrogen therapy is started and calcium and progesterone may be added to the treatment. By giving estrogen, the osteoporosis problem seen after menopause is prevented to some extent.
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