Breast cancer is the most common tumor among women in the world and accounts for 32% of all cancers in women. Today, one in every 8 women faces the risk of developing breast cancer in her lifetime. The risk of breast cancer increases with age, with the greatest increase occurring after the age of 40. Breast cancer is a disease that shows different clinical courses. For this reason, predicting different situations that may be encountered is the basic principle in diagnosis and treatment. For this purpose, which treatment plan will be applied to which patient, the possibility of recurrence, and factors that may determine the course of the entire disease should be determined in advance.
Surgical treatment remains the outstanding treatment for this disease. With regular implementation of screening programs and awareness of patients, patients with early stage breast cancer are being detected more frequently.
The view that breast cancer should be evaluated not as a single disease, but as a combination of different pathological processes with different course and prognosis is increasing. is becoming widespread. Long-term survival is essentially determined not only by early diagnosis but also by the behavior of the tumor and its potential to spread throughout the body.
Since it is not possible to protect against etiological factors such as gender, age, and genetic status, early diagnosis and treatment of the disease becomes important. For this reason, different treatment models have been developed for breast cancer. However, each form of treatment has been effective for some individuals with breast cancer. Therefore, it is very important to introduce “prognostic markers” that can predict the natural course of the disease, allow to determine the most favorable treatment plan and evaluate the future of the disease. Factors affecting long-term survival for breast cancer have been shown in many studies. Among these, factors such as axillary lymph node involvement, tumor size and age still remain current. However, among these, the presence and number of axillary lymph node involvement is still considered the most important factor in determining survival in breast cancer patients. In young patients, armpit lymph node involvement and cell division ability are higher, therefore post-surgical symptoms at a young age are more common. It has been stated that the recurrence of the disease is related to these factors, and it has been emphasized that young age has a negative effect on the control of the disease. For this reason, patients with breast cancer were grouped into groups before the age of 45, between the ages of 45-69, and after the age of 70. It has been emphasized that long-term disease-free survival is higher in patients after the age of 70, and therefore the prognosis of breast cancer is better at older ages. On the other hand, it should not be forgotten that tumor size is one of the most important factors affecting survival. Nowadays, age and tumor size are two important parameters that must be taken into consideration when determining the surgical treatment option.
As a result; For all breast cancer patients applying to surgical clinics, preoperative and postoperative evaluations should be made carefully, staging studies should be carried out carefully and prognostic factors should be determined, and according to this information, patients should be told about the surgical treatment option and directed to post-surgical treatments.
Breast cancer, around the world. It is the most common tumor among women and accounts for 32% of all cancers in women. Today, one in every 8 women faces the risk of developing breast cancer in her lifetime. The risk of breast cancer increases with age, with the greatest increase occurring after the age of 40. Breast cancer is a disease that shows different clinical courses. For this reason, predicting different situations that may be encountered is the basic principle in diagnosis and treatment. For this purpose, which treatment plan will be applied to which patient, the possibility of recurrence, and factors that may determine the course of the entire disease should be determined in advance.
Surgical treatment remains the outstanding treatment for this disease. With regular implementation of screening programs and awareness of patients, patients with early stage breast cancer are being detected more frequently.
The view that breast cancer should be evaluated not as a single disease, but as a combination of different pathological processes with different course and prognosis is increasing. is becoming widespread. Long-term survival is essentially determined not only by early diagnosis but also by the behavior of the tumor and its potential to spread throughout the body.
Gender, age, genetic status. Since it is not possible to prevent etiological factors such as breast cancer, early diagnosis and treatment of the disease becomes important, therefore different treatment models have been developed for breast cancer. However, each form of treatment has been effective for some individuals with breast cancer. Therefore, it is very important to introduce “prognostic markers” that can predict the natural course of the disease, allow to determine the most favorable treatment plan and evaluate the future of the disease. Factors affecting long-term survival for breast cancer have been shown in many studies. Among these, factors such as axillary lymph node involvement, tumor size and age still remain current. However, among these, the presence and number of axillary lymph node involvement is still considered the most important factor in determining survival in breast cancer patients. It has been stated that axillary lymph node involvement and cell division ability are higher in younger patients, therefore recurrence of the disease after surgery at a young age is related to these factors, and it has been emphasized that young age has a negative effect on the control of the disease. For this reason, patients with breast cancer were grouped into groups before the age of 45, between the ages of 45-69, and after the age of 70. It has been emphasized that long-term disease-free survival is higher in patients over the age of 70, and therefore the prognosis of breast cancer is better at older ages. On the other hand, it should not be forgotten that tumor size is one of the most important factors affecting survival. Nowadays, age and tumor size are two important parameters that must be taken into consideration when determining the surgical treatment option.
As a result; Preoperative and postoperative evaluations should be made carefully for all breast cancer patients applying to surgical clinics, staging studies should be performed carefully and prognostic factors should be determined, and according to this information, patients should be told about the surgical treatment option and directed to post-surgical treatments.
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