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In recent years, the incidence of asthma has been increasing rapidly all over the world. This is largely due to environmental factors and changes in our lifestyle. Changes in our eating habits, in particular, contribute significantly to the increase in asthma among children and young people. Fast-food style foods have become the basic food, the consumption of fresh fruits and vegetables has decreased, the dietary intake of antioxidants such as beta-carotene, which is the precursor of vitamin A in our foods, and vitamins E and C, which protect our body from toxic effects, has decreased, vitamin D deficiency has increased the incidence of asthma. has been effective. Scientific studies conducted in recent years; It has been revealed that there is a relationship between the nutritional habits of mothers during pregnancy and the wrong nutrition of children after birth and asthma observed in childhood.
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It is added to ready-made foods to add color and taste or as a preservative. It has been reported that additives trigger asthma. Today, among a wide variety of additives, the ones best known for their association with asthma are sulfites and monosodium glutamate. These additives are frequently used; Asthma patients should stay away from foods such as wine, tomato paste, mustard, ready-made pickles, dried fruit, dried potatoes, some fruit juices, corn syrup, and shrimp as much as possible. As a result of the interaction of substances, free oxygen radicals that have a poisonous effect are formed. Chemical substances produced by the body or taken with food, called antioxidants, prevent these toxic substances from causing harm. The most important antioxidants taken with food are; Beta-carotene, the precursor of vitamin A, is vitamins E and C. It is reported that their intake will reduce asthma attacks. Vitamin C also has an immune system strengthening effect. Vitamin C is found in citrus fruits (orange, lemon, kiwi, etc.), strawberries, cauliflower and broccoli. Since vitamin C is sensitive to heat and waiting, fresh fruit juices such as orange juice should be consumed as soon as they are first squeezed.
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Beta-carotene, the precursor of vitamin A, is found mostly in carrots, spinach, lettuce, tomato, potato, broccoli, ka Vun is found in oranges and pumpkins. It has been reported that beta-carotene may be useful in preventing asthma attacks triggered by exercise and alleviating asthma attacks.
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Green leafy vegetables, oilseeds and the oils obtained from them; Vitamin E, which is abundant in hard-shelled fruits such as hazelnuts and walnuts, cereal grains and dried legumes, has been found to relieve asthma attacks, and it has been reported that vitamin E deficiency causes an increase in the development of allergies, asthma and allergic rhinitis in children.
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Vitamin D has been shown to be beneficial in asthma patients by reducing airway edema and strengthening the immune system. In addition, less asthma was detected in the children of mothers who consumed higher amounts of vitamin D during pregnancy. For this reason, asthma patients and pregnant women are recommended to consume foods rich in vitamin D, such as fish, fish oil, milk and dairy products, egg yolk, oatmeal, and to be exposed to sunlight for about 20 minutes daily.
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Omega-3 fatty acids are essential fatty acids that are not produced in our body but are necessary for our body. Therefore, they must be taken with food. It regresses airway edema by suppressing the cellular events associated with asthma and therefore has a bronchodilator effect. Omega 3 fatty acids are found in fish, fish oil, walnuts, walnut oil, hazelnuts, flaxseed, purslane and canolo oil. Omega 3 fatty acids do not have a weight-gaining effect, on the contrary, they contribute to weight loss by preventing fat storage and reducing insulin resistance. It is recommended that asthma patients eat fish twice a week. It has been shown that consuming fatty fish or fish oil rich in omega 3 fatty acids and following a Mediterranean diet based on olive oil reduces the risk of asthma in children and adults.
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Regularly consume probiotics containing beneficial microorganisms such as kefir and probiotic yoghurt. It has also been suggested that taking adequate amounts is protective against asthma and allergic diseases.
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Feeding with breast milk is very important in protecting against asthma and many other diseases. The only food for babies aged 0-6 months should be breast milk. This is important for strengthening the baby's immune system. Various donations in breast milk Light system cells, vitamins and growth factors protect the baby. Breast milk also has a protective effect in terms of allergies and asthma. It has been stated that the risk of asthma increases in babies who are breastfed for less than 2 months, whereas the risk of asthma decreases in babies who are breastfed for 4 months. The mother's diet during pregnancy may also play a role in the development of allergic asthma and similar diseases in the baby.
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It has been stated that excessive salt consumption causes deterioration in asthma patients and deterioration is observed in respiratory function tests. Care should be taken when consuming foods and beverages with high salt content, such as canned foods, pickles, pickled foods, olives, soda-mineral water. For this reason, it is recommended that asthmatic patients keep their daily salt consumption below 5 grams.
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Insufficiency in the amount of magnesium taken in the diet increases the risk of developing asthma. Banana, cocoa, spinach, hazelnuts and cheese are foods rich in magnesium. The need for magnesium increases in cases of diuretic drug use, excessive sweating, pregnancy, breastfeeding, and stress.
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A diet poor in potassium is accompanied by a decrease in lung functions. Adequate potassium intake is also recommended, as some medications used in the treatment of asthma may reduce potassium.
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It has been reported that a diet rich in selenium is protective against asthma. Selenium is found in grains, meat, seafood, chicken, onions, garlic, red peppers and some other vegetables. Studies have found low blood selenium levels in asthma patients. It has been observed that a diet poor in selenium during pregnancy causes selenium deficiency in the baby, and these children are more likely to develop asthma in the future.
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In addition to its antioxidant effect, zinc also has a regulating effect on the immune system. For this reason, zinc, like selenium and magnesium, has been shown to be beneficial in patients with asthma. It is found in meat, seafood, dairy products, grains and hazelnuts.
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Asthma patients are recommended to drink 2-2.5 liters of water daily. In case of insufficient fluid intake, asthma complaints may be exacerbated.
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Various studies have shown that eating fast-food-style ready-made foods causes obesity. Studies have shown that breast milk increases the risk of asthma. For this reason, it is important that starting from childhood, the person should get energy appropriate to his age and body weight, eat a balanced diet, exercise and drink plenty of water as a lifestyle. As a result, a balanced, adequate and healthy diet is very important in patients with asthma, and a healthy diet also has a protective effect against asthma.
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