What are Endocrinology and Endocrine system?
A system formed by internal secretion glands is called endocrine system. These glands are organs that synthesize and secrete hormones and they regulate and control various activities in our body through hormones.
These secreted hormones; They play a role in reproduction, metabolism, growth and development as well as interaction with our environment. They are instrumental in maintaining the balance of energy and nutrients required to sustain our vital functions. The glands that form the parts of the endocrine system;
hypothalamus, pituitary, thyroid, parathyroid, pancreas, ovaries (ovaries in women, testes in men),
adrenal gland, adipose tissue, cells lining the inner wall of the vessel (endothelium). .
What is the duty of the endocrinologist?
An endocrinologist is a physician who diagnoses and
treats complex diseases related to the glands and related to many systems. When the primary care physician suspects that you have a disease related to the endocrine system, he will refer you to an endocrinologist.
What do endocrinologists deal with?
• Diabetes (DIABETES)
• Sugar drops (HYPOGLYCEMIA)
• Insulin resistance syndrome (METABOLIC SYNDROME) (obesity, insulin resistance, hypertension, sugar
increase...)
• Overweight (OBESITY), underweight, nutrition disorders, problems with weight control
• Gestational diabetes
Thyroid Gland (Goiter) Diseases
• Goiter (Enlargement of the thyroid gland)
• Overactivity of the thyroid gland (HYPERTHYROID/toxic goiter)
• Underactive thyroid gland (HYPOTHYROID)
• Nodular thyroid diseases
• Inflammatory diseases of the thyroid gland (THYROIDITIS)
• Hashimoto's disease
• Thyroid cancers
• Thyroid diseases that occur in pregnant women
Parathyroid Gland Diseases
• Parathyroid hormone excess (HYPERPARATHYROID)
• Parathyroid hormone deficiency (HYPOPARATHYROID)
Diseases Related to Bone Metabolism
• Osteoporosis (OSTEOPOROSIS)
• Problems related to vitamin D and calcium metabolism
Diseases Related to Lipid Metabolism
• Cholesterol and high blood fats (Triglycerides)
Diseases Related to Purine Metabolism
• High uric acid
• Gout Disease
Pituitary Gland Diseases
• Pituitary gland insufficiency (HYPOPITUITARISM)
• Prolactin (milk hormone) hormone excess (PROLACTINOMA)
• Cortisol hormone excess (CUSHING DISEASE)
• Growth hormone (GH) excess ( ACROMEGALY)
• Growth hormone deficiency and short stature
• Diabetes insipidus (DIABETES INSIPIDUS)
Adrenal (Adrenal) Diseases
• Cortisol hormone excess (CUSHING SYNDROME)
• Cortisol hormone deficiency (ADDYSON'S DISEASE)
• Aldosterone hormone excess (HYPERALDOSTERONISM / CONN'S SYNDROME)
• Adrenaline hormone excess (PHEOCHROMOCYTOMA)
Ovaries and Diseases
• Sexual hormone deficiencies in women (HYPOGONADISM)
• Polycysticoversyndrome (lack of menstruation, weight gain and hair growth)
• Hair growth (HIRSUTISM)
Testis and Hormones
• Testosterone hormone deficiency (HYPOGONADISM)
• Breast enlargement in men (GYNECOMASTIA)
• Erection problems and impotence (hormonal reasons /testosterone deficiency)
• Lack of development of testicles and penis and lack of beard growth (HYPOGONADISM)
Other Diseases Interested in Endocrinology
• Endocrinological tumoral diseases (NEUROENDOCRINE TUMORS)
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