1) Basic changes that occur in the skin during pregnancy:
Due to hormonal changes during pregnancy; The expectant mother may notice changes in her skin. Color changes on the skin may occur, especially from the 7th month of pregnancy. Nipples may become darker, and darkness may occur around the genital area and navel.
In addition to these changes; During pregnancy, formations called "pregnancy mask" may also be seen. These spots occur under the influence of the sun. To prevent stains from occurring, sunscreens with high protection that are suitable for pregnancy should be used.
During pregnancy, the abdomen grows along with the growth of the uterus. However, there is tension in the body. For this reason, skin cracks may appear in the abdomen, chest and hip areas. It is not possible to treat cracks. It is very important to moisturize the body and drink plenty of water to prevent stretch marks.
2) Basic physiological changes that occur in the cardiovascular system:
During pregnancy, blood volume increases approximately 2 times. During this process, the metabolism accelerates and the heart beats faster than normal. Blood pressure begins to rise in the 7th month of pregnancy. The level of this increase is noticeable in diastolic values. When the expectant mother lies on her back in bed, her blood pressure may drop to minimum values. However, an increase in heart rate occurs. Apart from this, blood flow in the kidneys is reduced by half. This condition is expressed as Vena-Cava-Compression syndrome.
When the expectant mother is in a lying position, the lower main vein, which carries blood to the heart, may be compressed by the weight of the baby. For this reason, it is not recommended for expectant mothers to lie on their back during pregnancy.
Blood volume increases until the 36th week of pregnancy. In this way, the rate of oxygen and nutrients going to the baby can be kept in balance.
3) Basic changes that occur in the kidneys and urinary tract:
Due to the increased blood volume during pregnancy; Kidney blood circulation also increases. As a result, the expectant mother may need to go to the toilet frequently. The baby growing every week in the womb; is found in the uterus. As the uterus grows, it puts pressure on the bladder. For this reason, the need for toilet occurs during pregnancy. It may increase as the first two weeks progress.
4) Basic changes that occur in the lungs:
Starting from the early weeks of pregnancy, the expectant mother may experience shortness of breath. The expectant mother may become out of breath in a short time during pregnancy. Work that could be done without getting tired before getting pregnant may seem quite challenging during pregnancy.
5) Basic changes that occur in the mouth, stomach and intestinal system:
The risk of tooth decay may increase relatively during pregnancy. Changes in the saliva content of expectant mothers during pregnancy lead to an increase in this risk.
The stomach changes location during pregnancy. Due to the growth of the uterus, the stomach leans towards the left. For this reason, there is a decrease in acid secretion, especially in the 20th week of pregnancy. The decrease in the amount of acid is a positive situation for expectant mothers with ulcers.
The cause of heartburn or indigestion problems experienced during pregnancy is smooth muscles. The closing mechanism between the stomach and esophagus cannot fulfill its function. In this case, when the mother lies on her back, the contents of the acidic stomach reach the esophagus again. For this reason, heartburn or, in later cases, inflammation of the esophagus may occur.
6) Basic changes that occur in the liver and metabolism:
The metabolism of expectant mothers is increased during pregnancy. Too much carbohydrate affects it. In order to constantly provide carbohydrates to the baby, the body tries to prevent the existing sugar in the mother from being taken into the cells, taking into account the effect of insulin. Apart from this, hormonal events occurring in the placenta also cause an increase in the mother's blood sugar values.
During pregnancy, there is an increase in the rate of protein reaching the body and a decrease in the excretion of this protein. This situation is expressed as positive nitrogen balance. The increase in edema during pregnancy is; This is due to the decrease in proteins and the tissues retaining more water.
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