Infertility, or commonly known as infertility, may occur as a result of never having been pregnant before, or of not having another pregnancy afterward, even though a pregnancy occurred first. Approximately 25% of all women will encounter infertility at some point in their lives.
The age at which women are most fertile is around the age of 25, and a significant decrease in this fertility is observed, especially after the age of 35. The average chance of a couple achieving pregnancy in a 3-month period is 57%, in 6 months this rate is 72%, after 1 year it is 85%, and after 2 years it is 93%. In other words, especially for young couples, one should not be in a hurry.
For couples younger than 25, you may wait up to 2 years to start infertility tests. For couples over the age of 30, not having a pregnancy within a period of 6 to 12 months, depending on the situation, may be considered sufficient to start infertility tests. On the other hand, in the treatment of infertility, it is necessary to continue a treatment protocol for at least 6 months. Moreover, what couples need to know above all else is that this treatment process requires patience.
The effect of age on fertility in men is controversial. Male productivity reaches its highest values around the age of 35 and shows a significant decline after the age of 45. However, men who can become fathers are known even in their 80s and this issue is not as important as the female age.
Male-related causes are 25-40%, female-related. 40-55% due to both, 10-15% due to both, and 10-15% due to unexplained reasons. In other words, both couples are almost equally responsible for infertility. It is possible to reveal some of the reasons from the beginning with a detailed interview and examination with the couple. After this meeting, basic tests are carried out:
First of all, a sperm analysis and spermiogram are performed to evaluate the man, which is an easy test. After approximately 2-5 days of sexual abstinence, the man gives a sperm sample by masturbation and it is evaluated in the laboratory according to the World Health Organization criteria. The number, motility, viability rate and shape of the sperm are examined. It is being investigated whether there are inflammatory cells and whether there is anything that can be done with medical treatment. �r.
In a sperm analysis that can be considered normal, according to the criteria of the World Health Organization, there should be 20 million sperm per milliliter, at least half of them should be motile (live), or the rate of forward moving sperm should be at least 25% of all sperm. It must be at least 14% and above, and normal shaped sperms must be stained and evaluated in detail (Kruger Criteria).
It should not be forgotten that it is not appropriate to diagnose male infertility with a single abnormal spermiogram.
Men's sperm results may fluctuate. In case of abnormality, the examination must be repeated at least 2 times with an interval of 4-6 weeks.
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