Capillary varicose veins are often located under the skin and have a red or bluish color. They are usually thinner than 1 mm and are also called telangiectasia. The appearance of these varicose veins resembles tree branches. Approximately 50% of adults have one or more capillary varicose veins in their legs.
CAUSES OF CAPILLARY VARICES
The first of the reasons is the leaks in the deep veins and develops due to the backward flow of blood while sitting or standing. With the effect of this high pressure, the veins in the skin expand and cosmotic disorder occurs. In investigating the cause of these capillary varicose veins in patients, the presence of leakage should first be investigated using Doppler ultrasound.
There are many reasons other than leakage that may lead to capillary varicose veins. These are caused by: congenital causes, chemical agents, radiation, trauma, rheumatic diseases, hormonal factors.
CAPILARY VARICOLE TREATMENT
Superficial laser treatment
If the main problem is cosmetic, laser applications can be beneficial for superficial capillary varicose veins on the skin. Success in these laser applications varies depending on the skin color (melanin pigment), the thickness of the applied vein, the wavelength of the applied laser light, the amount of energy applied, and the diameter of the applied laser light. For example, in capillary varicose veins that are 0.7 mm deep on the surface, laser is applied at a short wavelength such as 500-600nm, while for those that are 3 mm deep, it is necessary to apply a longer wavelength such as 1064nm. The diameter of the applied laser light should be half the diameter of the applied vessel.
SCLEROTHERAPY / FOAM TREATMENT
Sclerotherapy is the application of agents that cause destruction of intravascular cells in the form of liquid or foam. It is the removal of the vein by intravenous injection. Sclerotherapy is often applied to small-diameter varicose veins, such as capillary varicose veins, or to superficial varicose veins with a diameter of 1-3 mm, where there is no significant leakage.
Before sclerotherapy, venous Doppler ultrasound must be performed to determine whether these capillary varicose veins are due to a leakage. If these have developed as a result of a leak, first the treatments for this leak are carried out and then sclerotomy is applied to the capillary varicose veins. therapy should be applied.
Situations in which sclerotherapy is not applied
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Pregnant women,
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75 People over age,
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Very inactive people who have a high risk of deep vein occlusion,
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Diabetes, liver, kidney, heart , people with lung or bleeding problems
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Those with serious leg artery disease
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Those with severe allergic asthma
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Recent vascular infections
In this method, very thin needles are inserted into the capillary varicose veins and sclerosing agents such as high concentration salt water or other detergent diversion are applied.
In sclerotherapy, the percentage of the sclerosing agent to be applied is selected according to the diameter of the vessel. Their concentration varies between 0.5% and 3%.
Following the intravenous application of these sclerosing agents, the cells in the vessel cause edema and then lose their vitality. In the following months, the vein disappears completely.
In foam sclerotherapy, an average of 12 ml of foam is applied in each session.
Allergic reactions to the applied agent or skin necrosis due to its leakage out of the vein may occur due to this treatment.
>Following the procedure, the leg is wrapped with an elastic bandage or a compression sock is worn for 2 days. Then, compression stockings or compression are continued for 1 week. Approximately 15-30 days after the application, the clots accumulated in the vein where sclerotherapy was applied are pierced with a needle and drained. If this evacuation is not performed, yellow-purple colors occur due to the breakdown of the clot in the vein. This situation is rarely seen in evacuated patients. After the procedure, compression is applied again for 2 days.
During this treatment, it is seen that the vein disappears within seconds. However, capillary varicose veins that disappear within a few minutes become visible again. After this procedure, compression is applied to the applied area and it takes weeks or months for the vein to actually disappear.
It is not correct to show that it disappears immediately following the application in various sclerotherapy images. If images of a few minutes after the application are placed, the image will be more visible. It will be understood that a is different. In other words, it will be seen that the existing vein has not disappeared. It takes 3-6 months for the actual vein to disappear.
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